(cover) NEMOSCOPE FALL 1952 (page 2) Bulldogs First Again For the second consecutive year, the Teachers College football team finished the season in first place in the Missouri Intercollegiate Athletic Association. This year the Kirksville Bulldogs tied for first honors with the Maryville Bearcats. Under the fine coaching of Maurice "Red" Wade, head coach, and Kenneth Gardner, line coach, the Bulldogs won seven games and lost one during the season. Playing some of the finest football that has been seen on Stokes Stadium in a number of years, the Bulldogs scored 213 points for the season and had 61 points scored against them. The season's record is shown on page 8. Squad members earning letters during the 1952 season included: Seniors--Edward Bender, Macon, Mo.; Guy Burton, East St. Louis, Ill.; LaVerne Dabney, Bloomfield, Ia.; Steve Donovan, Kansas City, Mo.; Darrell Fouch, Pleasantville, Ia.; Dale Henner, St. Louis, Mo.; Paul Johnson, Marceline, Mo.; Jack Lane, Prague, Okla.; John McGovern, Chicago, Ill.; Vincent O'Donnell, Chicago, Ill., and Bill Richardson, Fox Lake, Ill. Juniors--Thomas Burkhart, Macon, Mo.; Dwight Huggins, Bloomfield, Ia.; Bob Jarrett, Caseyville, Ill.; Frank Melvin, St. Louis, Mo.; William Peterson, Chicago, Ill.; and Vernon Shotwell, Bloomfield, Ia. Sophomores--O. D. Austin, Mexico, Mo.; William Bowles, Kirksville, Mo.; Bob Bradley, St. Louis, Mo.; Bill Carter, Milan, Mo.; Ronald Finders, Boonville, Mo.; Bob Fortner, Joplin, Mo.; Ronald Hayes, St. Joseph, Mo.; Donald Healey, East St. Louis, Ill.; Melvin Loncaric, St. Louis, Mo.; Ray Mach, Whiting, Ind.; Glendle Pickering, East St. Louis, Ill.; Wesley Remington, St. Joseph, Mo. Freshmen--Jerry Bolin, Moberly, Mo.; Al Hogland, Bloomfield, Ia.; Jimmy Lake, St. Joseph, Mo.; and Don Sparks, St. Louis, Mo. The schedule for the 1953 season follows: Friday, Sept. 18, Missouri Valley of Marshall, at Kirksville, night; Friday, Sept. 25, Western Illinois State at Macomb, night; Friday, Oct. 2, Southwest Missouri State of Springfield, at Kirksville, (Parents Day) night; Friday, Oct. 9, Southeast Missouri State at Cape Girardeau, night; (Continued on Page 8) COVER PICTURE Candidates for Homecoming Queen pose on Baldwin Hall stairs. NEMOSCOPE NORTHEAST MISSOURI STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE KIRKSVILLE, MISSOURI WALTER H. RYLE, PRESIDENT ACTING EDITOR KENNETH C. SYKES ASSOCIATE EDITORS BERENICE B. BEGGS, KENNETH C. SYKES CAMPUS EDITOR C. H. ALLEN ALUMNI EDITOR BETTY LONGWITH EDITORIAL BOARD WRAY M. RIEGER PAULINE D. KNOBBS ORVILLE BOWERS Volume VII FALL QUARTER, 1952 NUMBER 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS WOMEN WRITERS OF NORTHEAST MISSOURI . . . . . 3 Berenice B. Beggs CSC INSTRUCTOR JOSEPH MOTT DIES AT MADISON . . . . . 4 THE VAN RENSSELAER ACADEMY AND HIGH SCHOOL . . . . . 5 Henry McClintock MASTERS THESES BEING WRITTEN BY NORTHEAST MISSOURI STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE STUDENTS . . . . . 7 C. H. Allen LIFE AS A GERMAN P. O. W. 1943-45 . . . . . 9 Loren A. Ross TWO LETTERS CONCERNING THE ELECTION OF 1824 . . . . . 11 Orville E. Bowers A quarterly publication issued in November, February, May, and August. Subscription rate is $1.00 a year; single copy $.25. Address all communications to Kenneth C. Sykes. Entered as second class mail matter April 29, 1915, at the post office at Kirksville, Missouri, under the Act of Congress of August 24, 1912. Accepted for mailing at special rate of postage provided for insection 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 26, 1919. (page 3) FALL 1952 NEMOSCOPE PAGE 3 WOMEN WRITERS IN NORTHEAST MISSOURI Second Series by Berenice B. Beggs Assistant Professor of English Northeast Missouri State Teachers College Northeast Missouri claims Elizabeth Seifert (Mrs. John Gasparotti) as a writer since it was in Moberly that her novels were written. She was born, however in Washington, Missouri, in 1897. She gained recognition for her first novel in 1938 when she was awarded the $10,000 prize in a nation-wide contest conducted by the Red Book. This book, Young Doctor Galahad, set the pattern for many novels which came from her pen. The novel centers about activities in a hospital; and doctors, nurses and patients are principal characters. Mrs. Gasparotti is reported to have said she always wanted to be a doctor. As a student in Washington University, St. Louis, she enrolled in courses in anatomy and medical dietetics, and was graduated from the University with an A.B. degree in 1918. Before and after her marriage she was employed in various capacities in different hospitals. After moving to Moberly, Mrs. Gasparotti divided her time in working at the Woodlawn Hospital and in household duties. Mr. John Gasparotti, her husband, was for many years identified with industry and followed the occupation of refrigeration engineer in a Moberly plant. When her four children grew older, Mrs. Gasparotti devoted more of her hours to writing and quit her hospital work. She believes, "writing is not inspiration, but a job to be done--a job no different in form than that of a secretary whose business it is to transcribe notes, or a bookkeeper whose duty it is to record sales." She devotes a given number of hours each day to writing and as a result has produced some eighteen or twenty novels since the publication of her first novel in 1938. The titles of most of her novels reveal the fact that she is preoccupied in writing about doctors, surgeons, hospitals and interns in small towns and metropolitan areas, although her early novels have for their setting the small towns with their smugness, standardization, petty gossip, and social striving. One of the main characters in her first novel, Young Doctor Galahad, a Mrs. Flannery, wife of Dr. Flannery says about the town of Darcey, "You must do what Darcey considers conventional. Socially you must be invited to bridge parties. You must have velvet overstuffed furniture in your living room and a picture of ‘Lone Wolf' over your divan." One is reminded of a character in Babbit by Sinclair Lewis, whose home is quite standardized, whose very actions conform to conventional patterns, whose family abide by opinions of the group. In the words of another character we get, "Darcey never forgets. It's not a nice town. No one could be born and brought up in Darcey without being a little mean." This same idea was reflected in Bellaman's Kings Row and also in Rupert Hughes's early novels. The following novels have been written by Mrs. Gasparotti: A Great Day, 1939 Thus Dr. Mallory, 1940 Bright Scalpel, 1941 Surgeons in Charge, 1942 A Certain Dr. French, 1943 Bright Banners, 1943 Girl Intern, 1944 Dr. Ellison's Decision, 1944 Dr. Woodward's Ambition, 1945 Orchard Hill, 1945 Old Doc, 1946 Dr. Chris, 1946 Dusty Spring, 1946 Mrs. David McLorn, who wrote several books under the name of Olive Gilbreath, her maiden name, was born in La Plata, Missouri. Her books If Today Have No Tomorrow and Miss Amerikanka were written after a visit to Russia about the time of the first World War. Miss Gilbreath, at that time an avid reader of Russian literature, traveled throughout the Russian territory, met and knew intimately many Russian families. It walkthrough an Anglo-Russian family she had access to letters which formed the basis of much of her writing. Her knowledge of Russia and her many trips to Siberia made her written articles most acceptable to such magazines as Vogue, Vanity Fair, Asia and Harpers. An article on the exit of the Czecho-Slovak armies across Siberia from their prison camps in south Russia was published in the Yale Review and was a most dynamic account. Miss Gilbreath's experiences in Russia, Siberia and China were varied and exciting. This Wellesley graduate, eager and alert, became interpreter for the American Red Cross in Siberia and once lived on a Red Cross train for several months in the snows of Siberia. After her marriage to David McLorn, she lived from 1935 to 1945 in Shanghai. A most harrowing experience was hers when she and her husband were interned in a Japanese prison camp for a period of two and one-half years. Mrs. McLorn's recent interest is in the drama, and the theatre, and since her return to the United States her writing has been in that area. She still maintains a home in La Plata, and is much in demand as a lecturer. As an author, magazine writer, journalist and radio columnist, the name of Mary Margaret McBride has become well known. Paris, Missouri, has supplied her with material for much of her writing. Here it was she was born on November 16, 1899. In 1916, she graduated from William Woods College in Fulton, Missouri. Her ambition to write stimulated her to major in journalism, and in 1919 she received a degree in journalism from Missouri University. Margaret McBride has contributed to The Saturday Evening Post, The Pictorial Review, The Cosmopolitan Magazine and Good Housekeeping. She was joint author with Helen Josephy in The Story of Dwight Morrow (1930) and in Beer and Skittles (1932). In her book, How Dear to My Heart, published in 1940, she went back to childhood scenes on a Missouri farm. Through her accounts of harvesting, gardening, hog killing, moving day, and threshing, one gets realistic pictures of American farm life at the turn of the century. In recent years Miss McBride has devoted her talents to radio work. Her daily talks on the air given in an informal manner have made her one of the outstanding personalities in radio. School days, family feasts, county fairs and farm activities with Missouri settings often are reflected in the radio talks of Martha Deane, the pseudonym of Mary Margaret McBride. Miss McBride, according to a December issue of Time Magazine in 1952, was honored by the Federation (page 4) NEMOSCOPE FALL, 1952 PAGE 4 of Jewish Philanthropies of New York as the outstanding woman in radio, and was presented with a gold key. In Adair County at Kirksville, Missouri, was born a young woman of writing ability by the name of Dagmar Doneghy. She was the daughter of a prominent lawyer, Alex Doneghy. She was educated in the public school of Kirksville and was graduated in 1907 from the State Normal School now known as the Northeast Missouri State Teachers College. She later attended the University of Missouri. She taught English in 1913 and 1914 in the Kirksville High School. In 1918, Miss Doneghy married a well-known writer and literary critic by the name of Joseph Warren Beach, then a member of the faculty of the University of Minnesota. Miss Doneghy's book, The Border (1931) is a stirring novel centering around the activities of the Quantrell bushwhackers in the days of the Kansas and Missouri feuds. The principal characters are an adventurous young mother and her six children. The New York Times in September 1931 spoke of the book in this manner, "As a document of the deeds of Quantrell's bushwhackers and the revenge of Jayhawkers and Red Legs in the Kansas-Missouri feud, the book is interesting." Certainly The Border is of interest to Missourians because of Missouri's part in the period in which it deals. A daughter of a pioneer Adair County family, Minnie Brashear of Kirksville, Missouri, made a great contribution in the literary field when her book, Mark Twain, Son of Missouri was published in 1934. Miss Brashear has lived in Kirksville most of her life. Her father was a large landowner and operated several farms. His generosity prompted him to give a tract of land to Kirksville, known now as Brashear Park. Miss Brashear received her college education in Missouri University and in the University of North Carolina. She entered the teaching profession which she followed for many years, having taught on the faculty of the Northeast Missouri State Teachers College and on the faculty of the University of Missouri. Her interest in Mark Twain stimulated her to do research on his life which resulted in the publication of Mark Twain, Son of Missouri. The book tells much about Hannibal in 1839. She differs with some of the writers who describe Mark Twain's mother as dour and tyrannical. Miss Brashear made good use of old copies of the Hannibal Journal to gather many of her facts. Her book is well documented and is a valuable one for all who desire authentic material about the Clemens family and Hannibal during Mark Twain's day. After Miss Brashear retired from the faculty of the University of Missouri, she devoted much of her time to writing for the Missouri Historical Review. She has wide interests and has been generous with her time and talents in her community where she gives lectures on various phases of American literature. CSC INSTRUCTOR JOSEPH MOTT DIES AT MADISON (Taken from the Oct. 17, 1952, issue of Stevens Point Daily Journal, Stevens Point, Wisconsin) In 29-Year Service, Never Absent Because Ill Until Recently (Editor's Note: Examination of the record of Joseph Mott in the Dean's office shows an outstanding scholastic record. He brought high school credits to K. S. T. C. from the Roanoke, Missouri, High School, the North Missouri Academy at Salisbury and from the Salisbury High School. His widow now lives at Canton, Missouri, her former home.) A Central State college faculty member and Stevens Point resident for the past 29 years, having been well known and popular in both his college and civic activities, Joseph Mott, 65, 912 Clark Street, died at Lake View sanatorium near Madison Thursday afternoon at about 3 o'clock. Taken to Madison Mr. Mott had been a hospital patient since the last of July, having been at Wisconsin General hospital at Madison until recently when he was taken to the state sanatorium near Madison. He had remained there until his death. Since he had been at the local college, he had taught educational psychology, psychology, education, philosophy and English. He held the outstanding record of never having been absent on account of illness until he became sick recently. Mourns Loss With regard to the instructor's death, President William C. Hansen of the college said: "Mr. Mott will be missed on our staff because of his mild and kindly manner. He completed 29 years of faithful service on this faculty last June. "He was a favorite, particularly with the older students who attended our summer sessions and extension classes. "On behalf of the college, I extend sympathy to Mrs. Mott." [photo caption] PROF. JOSEPH W. MOTT Distinguished Alumnus Native of Missouri Mr. Mott was born at Salisbury, Mo., on Dec. 25, 1886, and spent his boyhood there. He was graduated from Salisbury High School in 1904. He received his undergraduate education at Kirksville, Mo., earning his bachelor of science degree from that college in 1921. Mr. Mott taught for four years at Missouri rural schools and was supervising principal for five years of high schools in Missouri. He had also served nine years as superintendent of Missouri high schools. Organized Schools He organized consolidated schools at Monticello, Lewistown and Steffenville, Mo. (Continued on Page 8) (page 5) FALL, 1952 NEMOSCOPE PAGE 5 THE VAN RENSSELAER ACADEMY AND HIGH SCHOOL by Henry McClintock Social Science Teacher at the New London, Missouri, High School (Editor's Note: Henry McClintock prepared this article with the help and recollections of several former students at the Van Rensselaer Academy. He received much information and assistance from Mrs. Biggs Glascock of Hannibal, Mo., and Mrs. Oliver Howard of New London, Mo. Both of these ladies are graduates of the Van Rensselaer Academy.) In the peaceful and quiet country of Northeast Missouri is the community of Rensselaer. This is located fifteen miles west of Hannibal on the rolling prairies of Marion and Ralls county. This community is rich in educational history and has done much to promote education and rural life through its now abandoned Academy and High School. This community was named for Stephen Van Rensselaer, a New York State German, scholar, statesman, and soldier. Van Rensselaer came to Missouri and chose these fertile prairies as the place for preservation of educational and religious training. The Van Rensselaer Academy had its beginning in the old Marion City College, of Marion County, Missouri and in a small school which was taught in the Big Creek Presbyterian Church in Ralls County, Missouri. The building stood on the site of the present Big Creek Cemetery. The Marion City College was established in the early 1830's at old Marion City, now a ghost town of the Mississippi river. Marion City was located about eight miles below Quincy, Illinois, on the Missouri side. It was the "port city" for the inland town of Palmyra. Marion City College was incorporated, January 15, 1831, with ten charter members. It was the first secondary school chartered west of the Mississippi River. There was a high school in St. Louis at the time the charter was given, also, having the authority to confer college degrees. Mr. David Nelson, the President, Dr. David Clark, and William Muldrow planned manual labor as a means of support for students attending this school. In 1833 they borrowed $5,000 to purchase eleven acres for a larger school ground. Two modern dormitories were built on this property at a later time. Many of the pupils were boarding students in these early days. By 1835 there were eighty pupils enrolled in the Marion City College, which gives evidence of increasing interest in higher education in the frontier area. In the pre-Civil War days, the young Eastern men at the college ran an underground railroad, and aroused the ire of the local landowners, by aiding their slaves to escape. Feeling ran high and eventually the college was closed and the teachers were forced to flee. Several of the teachers and students left Marion City College and came to the small school of the Rensselaer community. In 1852 a red brick building, which is still used for a negro church, was erected. The Rennselaer school was organized under the auspices of the old school Presbyterians, for those who desired a higher education. Here young ladies were taught in separate classes from the young men. A high board fence was built to divide the ground, but this did not prevent the exchange of notes through knotholes in the fence by several young couples. The Van Rensselaer Academy graduated fifteen prominent Presbyterian ministers. Among these were Dr. Jonas Boyer, pastor of Warren Avenue Presbyterian Church of Saginaw, Michigan; the Reverend Clarence Boyer, and the Reverend Elmer Boyer, who was a missionary in Korea. Their commencement exercises, as we call them today, were called "Exhibitions" and later were "Literaries". These were held in the winter instead of at the close of the school terms, in order that the boys, who had to leave for the early spring plowing, might participate. These programs were presented from the auditorium stage, where dressing rooms and curtains were contrived from Sunday-best sheets loaned by women of the community. Each "Exhibition" consisted of a great many orations, essays, declamations, and recitations interspersed with charades and music. The emphasis was placed upon elocution. Music seemed to be of so little importance that the musicians were not named on the program. In 1866 the rectangular limestone building was erected and the Big Creek church and the Academy were combined in one building. This building, cut from stone by Martin Hogan, [photo caption] The large building in the center of this picture is the Academy and church that was erected in 1866. The small brick building to the right is the original Academy which is now used as a Negro church. The building to the left is the house in which Reverend and Mrs. Travis made their home while teaching in this community. (page 6) PAGE 6 NEMOSCOPE FALL, 1952 had a white stone placed high in the wall over the door. On this stone is carved an emblem of clasped hands, symbolic of the close relationship between religion and education in one building. The upstairs served as the church auditorium and academy classes met in the room on the first floor. The sanctuary had long windows, which are now dimmed by ivy vines that cling over the entire outside of the building. A gallery extended across the back where slaves, who accompanied their masters to services, might sit. The Civil War ended before the building was dedicated, but the colored people used this gallery until they organized a congregation of their own. In addition to the limestone building, two dormitories were constructed. These were to house the students attending the academy, furnishing them with board and room. After the turn of the century, the people of the community dreamed of a better building for the pupils of the Academy. Under the leadership of the Reverend John E. Travis, a new building was planned and started across the road just north of the Big Creek Church in 1912. The Board of Directors of the Academy built a modern three-story building, which is now known as the Rensselaer High School. This building was financed from the profits of a near-by farm, which they had purchased. Financial problems mounted in 1912 when a drought stunted their farm crops. In 1913 a worse drought followed, and the work on the new building was delayed. The year of 1914 brought another drought and 1915 was the wettest year known to the people of this community. Finally, the minister and principal of the Academy, the Reverend John E. Travis, thought it would be best to sell the building to the public schools. The Rensselaer High School was first started as a one year high school in 1919. Each year one additional year of high school training was added. The first superintendent was Jens J. Madsen. This young high school suffered many reverses during World War I. Hugh Bates, a splendid young teacher of this system, was inducted into the armed forces and many other concessions had to be made. Following these reverses this high school was organized under a consolidation plan. Other rural districts were added, namely, Spalding, West Ely, Huntington, and Hydesburg. This larger area greatly increased the number of high school students. Later, three buses were used to transport these rural high school pupils. The grade or elementary schools were maintained in the rural districts. The Rensselaer High School consistently was a first class high school from the early 1920's until 1940. The school curriculum consisted of music, commerce, and athletics, as well as plane geometry and other advanced academic courses. The Rensselaer High School was officially disbanded in 1947. The High School students of this vicinity are now transported to the Hannibal High School and to the Monroe City High School. Thus the Van Rensselaer Academy became the focal point for the development of a higher education in this tri- (Continued on Page 8) [photo caption] The Big Creek Academy with its students, 1893. The teacher was Joseph E. Anderson of Palmyra, Missouri, a son of Thomas L. Anderson. He later became very prominent in banking circles of Northeast Missouri. (page 7) FALL, 1952 NEMOSCOPE PAGE 7 MASTERS THESES BEING WRITTEN BY NORTHEAST MISSOURI STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE STUDENTS BY C.H. Allen Head of the Division of Personnel Service Northeast Missouri State Teachers College The partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master's degree may or may not be the writing of a thesis. The Northeast Missouri State Teachers College requires the writing of such a thesis only for students majoring in the academic instructional divisions but it is optional for those receiving the Master's degree in the professional fields of Elementary Education, Elementary School Administration, Secondary School Administration, and City School Administration. In these areas, the passing of a comprehensive written examination in the major and related fields of study may be substituted for thesis requirements. At the present time the college offers the Master's degree in the following academic areas: Music Education, Business Education, English Education, and History. Also, the Graduate Council has just recently approved the curriculum offerings and course requirements leading to the Master's degree in the two areas of Health and Physical Education and Guidance. The curricula for these new offerings will appear in the next Graduate Bulletin which will be published soon. It is felt that our Master's Degree theses being written under the careful supervision of major professors and faculty advisers are making definite contributions to their respective fields of study. They are prepared in typewritten form with two bound copies being placed in the college library. In addition, each one is accompanied by a brief abstract of from 300 to 500 words which provides a condensed summary of the study made. Since 1948 thirty-six theses have been written and accepted as partial fulfillment of degree requirements. The following summary shows the title of each of these thirty-six theses by years, together with the name of the writer and the major field in which the thesis was written. In later editions of this publication, it is planned to give brief reviews of some of these theses which may seem to have special local value and would be of interest to Northeast Missouri readers of the Nemoscope. "A History of the Chillicothe Business College, Chillicothe, Missouri," Paul Norton Phillips, M. A. 1948, Business Education "Socialization of Medicine in England Since 1900," Carmaleta Harrison Medlin, M. A. 1949, History "A Field Survey of the Social Science Teachers in Northeast Missouri Relative to Academic Preparation, Subject Areas Taught, and Extra-Class Activities," Charlotte W. Mittler, M. A. 1949, History "Reinhold Nieburh's Philosophy of History," George Richard Wheatcroft, M. A. 1949, History "Typewriting Ability Acquired and Used by Students of the 1948 Summer Session of the Northeast Missouri State Teachers College," Alpha Edna Brantner, M. A. 1949, Business Education "Teacher's Handbook of Gregg Shorthand," Ruby Webber Farmer, M. A. 1949, Business Education "A Compilation of Occupations Involving Typewriter Skill," Randall Welden Tedlock, M. A. 1949, Business Education "Missourians in the Oregon Settlement," Esther Kopfer, M. A. 1950, History "History of Attempts to Equalize Negro Higher Education in the State of Missouri Since 1935," Melvin Light, M. A. 1950, History "The Development of the Missouri State Prescribed Social Science Curriculum for the Secondary Schools," Melvin R. Morlan, M. A. 1950, History "The Original Experiences of Missourians in the Gold Rush During the Years of 1849 and 1850," Robert Marvin Pfaff, M. A. 1950, History "The Growth of Presbyterian Churches, Kirksville Presbytery, Missouri Synod, 1820-1950," David Elliott Waggoner, M. A. 1950, History "A Comparative Study of the Stroke Count of Context Material as Written in the Simplified Gregg and in Thomas Shorthand," Venna C. Goranson, M. A. 1950, Business Education "Frequency of Use of Mimeograph Operations by Business", George W. Leach, M. A. 1950, Business Education "An Investigation of the Physical Mechanisms of the Remington, Royal, Underwood and Smith-Corona Standard Typewriters," John Mangiaracina, M. A. 1950, Business Education "A Short Study of Some of the Work of William Jennings Bryan to Promote World Peace While Serving as Secretary of State to President Woodrow Wilson," Charles Ray Mabee, M. A. 1951, History "The Development in the Middle West of a Small Town, Lamoni, Iowa, 1847-1951," Opal Margaret O'Dell, M. A. 1951, History "General Von Steuben's Part in the American Revolution," Ernst Ludwig Sticht, M. A. 1951, History "A Historical Panorama of Dramatic Music in the Northeast Missouri State Teachers College," Gordon Collett, M. A. 1951, Music Education "The Exceptions and Inconsistencies in Gregg Shorthand Simplified," Gladys Millsap Blowers, M. A. 1951, Business Education "Why Business Teachers and Clerical Workers Differ in Their Typewriter Preferences," Rubijohn Gorby, M. A. 1951, Business Education "A Consideration of Some Tests Available to Industrial Personnel Directors," George H. Volmert, M. A. 1951, Business Education "Status of the Negro in Missouri as Determined by Law, 1719-1875," William Warren Bogue, M. A. 1952, History "A History of the Building of the Chicago and Alton Railroad in Missouri from 1837 to 1879," Norman M. Little, M. A. 1952, History "An Approach to Music Reading," Lewis Olie Erickson, M. A. 1952, Music Education "An Outline of the Chronological Developments of Christian Hymnody," Gilbert E. Froman, M. A. 1952, Music Education "Erutervo, An Overture for Band," Rex L. Moyer, M. A. 1952, Music Education "Concerto Grosso for 4 Trombones and Band," Milton Arden Probasco, M. A. 1952, Music Education "A Study of Jewel Tea Company, Inc.," Eugene J. Croarkin, M. A. 1952, Business Education "A Survey of Business Education in the Public Secondary Schools of North- (page 8) PAGE 8 NEMOSCOPE FALL, 1952 east Missouri, 1951-52," Robert Lee Henderson, M. A. 1952, Business Education "The Characteristics of Outstanding Colleges in the Preparation of Business Teachers," Bertha M. McFarling, M. A. 1952, Business Education "Bank Charges on Checks and Deposits in the State of Missouri," Benjamin Bissell Rockwell, M. A. 1952, Business Education "A History of Business Education at the Northeast Missouri State Teachers College," Marjorie Smith, M. A. 1952, Business Education "A Catalog of Adding, Calculating, and Bookkeeping Machines," Cleme Snyder, M. A. 1952, Business Education "Local Color Elements in the Poetry of Nine Representative Midwestern Writers," George W. Waddill, M. A. 1952, English Education VAN RENSSELAER--Cont'd county rural area of Missouri. The culture and the pride of residents of this area in educational matters attests to the influence of this institution in Marion, Monroe, and Ralls counties. The academy is gone but the influence lingers on--to remind those citizens of this section of the benefits afforded by this touch of the better way of life on the American frontier. JOSEPH MOTT--Cont'd Mr. Mott was a volunteer in World War I, but was deferred because of his school superintendency at the time and was appointed a Missouri district food administrator and also served on a board of questionnaires there. He resigned as superintendent of schools at Shelbyville, Mo., to enter the University of Chicago as a graduate student. Came Here in 1923 In September, 1923, after his studies at the University of Chicago, he came to the local college. He also did graduate work at Webster university at Webster Groves, Mo., and attended the University of Minnesota for six summer sessions while he instructed during the regular school year here. His education having extended into several fields, his undergraduate major was science and he minored in mathematics and history. While a graduate student, he studied educational psychology with education his minor course. Since he has been at Central State college, he taught education classes during summer terms from 1923 through 1927 at Kearney State Teachers college, Kearney, Nebr. Did Extension Work Besides his regular college classes, he taught extension classes in many central Wisconsin cities, first under the University of Wisconsin and later under the CSC program when it took over supervision of extension work in this area. During the last war, he instructed servicemen's classes at the college. Besides his college work, Mr. Mott had been a popular speaker for men's groups and other civic organizations, having held a reputation as an outstanding speaker in this area. He was called on at various times to judge forensic contests in this vicinity. Gave City Exams He administered and supervised examinations for the city police and fire commission for a number of years. Mr. Mott conducted P. T. A. study groups evenings for public schools of Stevens Point. Active in Church A member of the Christian church while in Missouri, he was active in the local Baptist church, having taught a Sunday school class there for many years. It is recalled that, some time ago, during the absence and illness of local Protestant pastors, Mr. Mott took their places at church services. Besides the church, his memberships include the Masonic lodge; Phi Delta Kappa, national honor society in education; Pi Gamma Mu, national science society; National Education association; Wisconsin Teachers association; and Central Wisconsin Teachers association. On CSC Committees He has been a member of the allocation, assembly, radio, forensics, and dramaticsand athletic faculty committees at the local college. Surviving is his wife, Mrs. Elizabeth Mott. The body will be taken directly from Madison to Monticello. Burial will be made in the family lot at a cemetery there. Funeral arrangements have not been completed at this time. ALUMNI NOTES Bertha McFarling, M. A. 1952, is teaching commerce in the high school at Wellsville, Mo. Mrs. Gladys Blowers, M. A. 1951, is: Business Education instructor at Stephens College, Columbia, Mo. Charles H. Snelson, M. A. 1952, has been employed to teach science in the Troy, Mo., High School. William W. Bogue, M. A. 1952, of Hannibal, Mo., is teaching social studies at Sullivan, Mo. "LOST ALUMNI" Listed below are a number of alumni of the Teachers College, who have: become "lost" so far as the Alumni Office is concerned. Mail addressed to these persons at their last known address has been returned marked "undeliverable." If you have information concerning any of these alumni will you please communicate with the Alumni Office. Numerals indicate year graduated. --EDITOR Richard C. White, 1941 Addie Wilcox, 1908 Guy E. Wiley, Jr., 1936 Edward Spencer Willis, 1924 Fern Elizabeth Winiette, 1922 Virginia Lee Winton, 1945 S. Birchie Woods, 1905 Flora Mason Woodson, 1924 Edward Worthington, 1941 Leota Wright, 1947 Bessie Marie Zieber, 1931 Bessie Zuspann, 1929 BULLDOGS FIRST--Cont'd Saturday, Oct. 17, Eastern Illinois State at Charleston, Ill., (their Homecoming), afternoon; Saturday, Oct. 25, Missouri School of Mines of Rolla, at Kirksville, (HOMECOMING), afternoon; Friday, Oct. 30, Central Missouri State at Warrensburg, (their Homecoming), afternoon; and Saturday, Nov. 7, Northwest Missouri State of Maryville, at Kirksville, afternoon. The Season's Record Kirksville . . . . . 20 Missouri Valley . . . . . 0 Kirksville . . . . . 19 Western Illinois State Teachers . . . . . 0 Kirksville . . . . . 19 Southwest Missouri State . . . . . 14 Kirksville . . . . . 18 Southeast Missouri State . . . . . 0 Kirksville . . . . . 26 Missouri University "B" . . . . . 0 Kirksville . . . . . 32 Central Missouri State . . . . . 0 Kirksville . . . . . 27 Southwest Missouri State . . . . . 28 Kirksville . . . . . 52 Missouri School of Mines . . . . . 19 (page 9) FALL, 1952 NEMOSCOPE PAGE 9 LIFE AS A GERMAN P.O.W. 1943-45 by Loren A. Ross (Editor's Note: Presented here is another in a series of prisoner of war articles presented by students in the Teachers College. This article is by Loren A. Ross, formerly Special Education Supervisor, Keokuk, Iowa Public Schools, now of the Winnebago, Illinois, High School faculty.) On the first day of June, 1943, a group of our Reconnaissance Troop was sent on a patrol to find out if a certain road was clear of Germans. It happened that the road was not clear, and some of us were taken prisoner. As soon as the Germans had us back far enough from the front to be safe from small arms fire, they wanted to shake hands and appeared quite friendly toward us. We were taken into a first-aid station, searched and offered some German cigarettes and food. Then we were moved again, this time to a large dugout which was probably one-half mile behind their lines. Here they asked a few questions about our home addresses, our outfit, etc. Then we were left to do as we liked until dark. After dark, we were taken about a half mile or a mile to meet a pickup truck, and from there we were taken to an old barn which was several miles from the front. At this place we were bedded down in the hay, and after some time we were called out separately to be questioned by a German officer. The officer seemed very nice and the questioning did not amount to very much. After this we returned to our beds and slept until morning. The next morning we got our first taste of P. O. W. food. Our breakfast consisted of a piece of brown bread with some kind of syrup on it. My piece happened to be the heel of the bread. After we had eaten our breakfast, or bread, we started moving again. This time on foot. We went to a camp which was just outside of Rome, Italy. There were several hundred American and British prisoners in this camp and some of them had been there for some time, so they soon told us what we could expect. I had been in camp only a few minutes when one of the old timers told me that chow was being prepared and that I should look for something to Use as a bowl. The meal was to be macaroni soup. I looked around, and naturally there was no such thing as a bowl around, so I took my old rusty helmet out to the horse trough (located in the pen) and washed it as best I could. I had no eating utensils of any kind so my fingers had to serve for the silverware. I only stayed in this camp for a few days because our troops were making a push for Rome, and the Germans had to get us out before we were liberated. We moved out in the evening and started walking northward. We walked all of that night and most of the next day before we were picked up by trucks and taken to our next camp. This camp was located near a little town called Latrina. We stayed in the Latrina camp for several days, and it was there that we got cards to mail stating that we were P. 0. W.'s. Our food in this camp consisted of soup, which had all kinds of vegetables and peelings in it, about three slices of bread per day, a tablespoon full of lard to use for butter, about two teaspoons full of sugar, which I mixed with the lard and used as a spread, and a drink which was some kind of tea or imitation coffee. Also there was some grass with which to make soup for those with good appetites, but that was getting rather scarce since this had been more or less a permanent camp for some time. Soon after I came to this camp our forces began catching up, so the Germans decided to move us North again. We had about one thousand or more men in this camp and there was no transportation for us, so we started walking late one afternoon. We were to catch a train for Germany. This train was supposed to meet us about ten or fifteen miles from the camp which we were leaving. Our guards for this trip were SS Troopers and most of them were drinking pretty heavily. Before we had gone a mile we came to a bridge across a little stream and two boys decided to try to escape. One went off each side of the bridge. The guards saw them go over so they ran over to the side of the bridge and started shooting. They killed one of the men with the first shot, but the other one was hit in the leg. He threw up his hands to surrender and was then shot through the head. We marched for some time without further incident, but as it began getting dark, some of the boys began getting tired while others began planning ways of escape. This led to shooting for the remainder of the march. It was hard to tell what was going on for the rest of that trip, because of darkness and guns going off causing confusion unlimited. I did, however, see and hear machine guns going off and saw tracers going over our heads a number of times during the rest of the trip. So I assumed that they were shooting to try to keep the prisoners from trying a getaway. Also the rifles were cracking quite frequently and several of the boys were being shot because they happened to step out of line. Finally we came to a little town, and five or six boys made a run for an open door. This proved fatal for them because all the exits were apparently closed and the guards just went to the door and shot them down. After this incident, it was not long until we came to a large open field where we were to meet our train. We were rounded up and kept here for the rest of the night. The next day we got up and were informed that the train had failed to show up so we were to go back to the camp and wait for another one. During the night the Germans had been making a mad rush to get their tanks and half-tracks farther north. As we walked back over the same road over which we had come, we saw the boys who had been shot. They were still lying in the road, and most of them had been run over by the tanks and half-tracks so that they could not be recognized. We had to step over them in our march back to camp. After we got back to camp the Germans went out and picked up the bodies in a truck and hauled them back to camp. We were called out to try to identify our buddies, since many of them did not have dogtags on when they were killed. The bodies were then taken to an Italian cemetery a short distance from the camp and buried. After this little excursion we were kept in camp for about a week and then they decided to move us again on foot. Some of us had different ideas about being moved because we could hear the guns on the front, and we thought there might be a chance of being liberated. Therefore, when the guards came to the barracks to get us (page 10) PAGE 10 NEMOSCOPE FALL, 1952 we would go out a side door and go to another barracks. This went on for a couple of hours before they had most of the men rounded up. Finally they brought in their police dogs and tried to run us out with them, but we still would not go to the group. So they gave us up as a bad deal and took the others and went on. About an hour later they brought in some buses and loaded the fifty or seventy-five men who were left into them and took us on to the next camp, which was probably fifty miles farther north. We only stayed in this camp for a couple of days before they started getting us ready to go to Germany. We were taken to the train, which was composed of box cars, commonly referred to as "Forty and Eight's," (forty men or eight horses), and there we were given our rations for the trip. They gave us one loaf of brown bread and a ring of bologna for the trip. The cars had bars on them and naturally the doors were locked from the outside. We had two little windows we could look out of if we could get to them, and our toilet consisted of a big bucket. The car I was in (as I remember)had over seventy men in it. At night we could all lie down if we slept on our sides and had two rows across the car with our feet pushed up together. If anyone got uncomfortable during the night and got up, he lost his place for the rest of the night, because there wasn't any chance of getting the boys moved over again that night. I had this experience one night out of the six or seven nights we were on the trip. We stopped a few times during the trip. One time we stopped and they made oatmeal for us, and other times we stopped and got water. At some of the stops the Italian people seemed very sympathetic with us. In one case a young man tried to give us cigarettes through the bars of the window, but he was threatened by a guard so we did not get the cigarettes. Finally the trip ended and we found ourselves in a town not far from Munich, Germany. The camp was only a short distance from there and it was called Stalog 7 A. Stalog 7 A had barracks and the usual barbed wire fence around it. When we arrived I figured I would probably remain for sometime. However, that was not the case because in a very few days, after getting a Red Cross parcel, a shave, etc., we were again put on a train and told that we were going out on a work detail. This work detail took us to the railroad yards of Munich, Germany. We had no sooner gotten off the train than the Air Raid sirens began to blow and we were rushed into a bomb shelter along with several civilians. We stayed there for an hour or so before the all clear sounded and then we were assigned to railroad cars which were on the siding. These were to be our living quarters while we were in Munich. Again our stay didn't last long, but it was interesting and morale building while we were there. We were taken out in small groups to replace the bombed out rails of the railroad. About every day that I was there we had an air raid at nine o'clock in the morning and this usually gave us an hour or two off work. Our bombers would bomb the railroad; we would go out to rebuild it; and just about the time it was repaired, it would be bombed out again. This continued for around a couple of weeks before they decided to send us back to camp. I heard at the time that the Red Cross had ordered us returned to camp, but that was strictly hearsay. At any rate we were returned to Stalog 7 A again and this time we stayed a little longer. While we were there we got British Red Cross parcels and in general had life pretty easy. Before long, however, they decided to move us again, this time to Stalog II B, which to the best of my knowledge was located somewhere in the northeastern part of Germany. (I am unable to recall the name of the town.) I did not stay in Stalog II B very long, but my stay there was long enough to suit me. Again we ate soup, bread, a few potatoes, and, luckily, Red Cross parcels. The barracks were in good repair but they were full of fleas and lice. Along with not getting nearly enough to eat, these pests made life fairly miserable. By this time it was getting near harvest time, so we were to go on farms if we were physically able. I was lucky to be placed on one of these farm details and I was shipped near the Polish border to a community farm. There were about twenty of us who were sent to this farm and the number dwindled from twenty down to around fourteen while I was there. Our living quarters were an apartment affair on the first floor of a granary. We had one large room, which we used for a kitchen, one medium, and one small room, which we used for bedrooms, and one medium room which we used to loaf in, etc. We also had a couple of beds in it. We had one very small room in which was located our indoors toilet-- this consisted of a long wooden box with handles on it. This proved quite useful a little later in doing away with stolen chicken feathers. We were allowed one person as our cook, and he was to get all of our meals for us. We picked one fellow to do this all of the time except when someone had a bad foot or some trouble which excused him from work in the fields. In this case he stayed in and the cook went out to work. While we were on the farm we got American Red Cross parcels quite regularly, were given or could get all of the potatoes that we needed, a little meat, peas (mostly rotten), bread, imitation coffee, some other vegetables, etc. Even with these rations and parcels, the food was insufficient since we were doing hard work. So we supplemented these with a few chickens, one hundred pounds of peas, more potatoes, etc., by borrowing them while the Germans weren't looking. The guard was very nice about turning his head if we offered him American coffee and cigarettes. Also, we traded cigarettes to the civilians for eggs, extra bread, etc. Our work was general farm labor. We picked up potatoes, helped thrash, loaded sugar beets and other kinds of beets,; ground beets for the livestock, helped cut straw for cow feed, worked in the timber, split wood, spread manure on the fields, milked and fed cattle, helped take potatoes to the train and load them, helped dig trenches for potatoes, cover them up and then dig them out again, etc. This type of work kept up and we stayed on the farm until we started hearing big guns going off on the eastern front. Then one day (February 18, 1945) we were told to get ready to leave. Most of the German people acted like they hated to see us leave, but the foreman of the farm, a genuine Nazi, paid us the greatest compliment of all. ‘He told us that we could stay there and work the rest of our lives and we couldn't pay for all the tools and machinery we had destroyed. About 10 o'clock in the morning we were loaded into a wagon and taken to a town (Laurenburg, I think). There we joined the rest of the boys in that general area. They then started us on our hike away from the front. This was probably the roughest part of my P. O. W. life, due to the poor rations, no Red Cross parcels, and the (page 11) FALL, 1952 NEMOSCOPE PAGE 11 long walks. We walked from nearly daylight until dark with the ten-minute breaks on the hour. Usually every third or fourth day we rested. We stayed in barns at night, and again I picked up the lice that could not be shaken off while we were hiking. As we walked through some of the towns, little boys would run along and in some cases try to spit on us, old men who spoke a little English would make nasty comments, etc. Also we were in constant danger of being strafed by our own planes, although this actually happened just once. Our food consisted of a little bread, potatoes, horse meat, oxen (both cooked and uncooked), a little soup when we had a day off, and anything we could talk the civilians out of. Also we managed again to borrow a few things without being caught, such as eggs, tame rabbits, etc. During one stretch we went with no food except for a couple of potatoes in the morning for around seven days. We finally came to a mound of sugar beets which had been uncovered, and we raided them. The guards shot over our heads for this, but by that time they were becoming rather sympathetic with us so they were sure they did not hit anyone. We got the beets, and they tasted quite good even in the raw state. This type of life continued until the last of April when we were holed up at the edge of a little town. We stayed here several days. It was here that our forces caught up with us. The night before the tanks came in we could hear continuous shooting, and the English planes were diving right over the barn where we were in an effort to blow up a railroad. On the morning of May 2, as I remember, we were going out to put up P. O. W. signs for the tanks. But the tanks met the boys who were on their way to put up the signs. After we were liberated we stayed there for two or three days before being taken by truck to another town where there was an airfield. We then flew to Le Harve, France. After we landed there we got some more hot baths, better food, a little physical checkup, and high hopes of going home again. About three weeks later I landed in Boston, and three or four days later I was home on a sixty-day reassignment leave. NOTE: Some of the towns I was close to or went through while walking all over Germany were Swinemunden, Hanover, etc. I think we made a semi-circle south and west across Germany. I had heard that they were attempting to get us to Lubeck so that they could get us to Denmark when we were cut off and liberated. TWO LETTERS CONCERNING THE ELECTION OF 1824 by Orville E. Bowers Registrar at the Northeast Missouri State Teachers College (Author's Note: The reader will note that the letter to Henry Clay is not signed by Gov. William Hendricks. From available sources it has been ascertained that this is a copy of the original letter sent to Clay. This information has been checked with reliable sources and found to be correct. All punctuations and capitalizations in the letters are identical reproductions of the original copies. The two letters concerned in this article were donated to the Violette Museum of the Northeast Missouri State Teachers College by Mr. Wayne P. Hendricks several years ago. Mr. Hendricks was the grandson of William Hendricks, who was the Governor of Indiana from 1822-1825.) Henry Clay, the man who would "rather be right than president," the "Great Compromiser," distinguished orator, and Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1911-1814, received the Speaker's chair for the second time by a large majority upon his return to the United States after visiting Europe in 1814 and 1815. He continued to hold this position except for one year, 1821, until 1825. After Monroe had been elected president in 1816, he gave the office of Secretary of State, to which Clay aspired, to John Quincy Adams, and the old quarrel between the two statesmen, which began when they had disagreed on the terms of the treaty with Britain, flamed anew. Consequently Clay led the opposition against the administration's foreign policy. By so doing he threatened the unity of his party, the Democrat-Republican. Nevertheless, Clay did remain the party's most stanch supporter until 1832 when he switched to the Whig party to run against Jackson in the presidential election. In line with tradition Monroe, who had served two previous terms, was not a candidate for a third term in 1824. Instead he supported William H. Crawford of Georgia, his Secretary of State. The other candidates in the election were Andrew Jackson of Tennessee, John Q. Adams of Massachusetts, Henry Clay of Kentucky, and John C. Calhoun of South Carolina. Calhoun, deciding to bide his time as a presidential candidate, withdrew from the race and was acclaimedthe proper person for the vice-presidency. When the votes were counted Jackson had received ninety-nine electoral votes, Adams eighty-eight, Crawford forty-one, and Clay thirty-seven. As Clay had the lowest vote of the four, according to constitutional provisions, he was eliminated; and Crawford withdrew because of illness. This left the decision of the House of Representatives to be made between Jackson and Adams. Although Jackson had the highest number of electoral votes he did not have a majority. By the choice of the House of Representatives, Adams was elected, allegedly when he received the support of Henry Clay. When it became known that Clay had supported his former political opponent, the Jackson partisans accused Adams and Clay of a "corrupt bargain." In this supposed arrangement, Adams was to give Clay the office of Secretary of State for his support. When Clay actually did receive the office, the Jackson supporters began a prolonged campaign ultimately resulting in his election in 1828. The following letters shed light on the political maneuvering which took place in the presidential election of 1824. The letters also give an idea of Clay's estimate of the support, which he might receive from the different states as well as his estimation of the power of his opponents. The first letter was written to Governor William Hendricks by Henry Clay on November 10, 1823. He asked what his prospects were of carrying Indiana in the forthcoming presidential election. The other letter is a copy of the Governor's reply to Henry Clay written December 22, 1823. That the Governor had miscalculated was later proved by the fact that Clay carried only Kentucky, Ohio, and Missouri in the election of 1824. From documents such as these, history is written and is continuously being revised. The importance of preserving documentary material of this nature can not be stressed too strongly. Unfortunately, an untold amount of priceless documents are consigned to trash heaps each year. Had they been preserved, our outlook on many phases of history would have been entirely different. It is the hope of the author in presenting these letters that more people will realize that such material will enrich our heritage and make (page 12) PAGE 12 NEMOSCOPE FALL, 1952 possible more thorough historical research. Lexington (Ky.) 10th Novr. 1823 My dear Sir (Confidential) Confiding in our amicable relations, I take the liberty of addressing you on the subject of the approaching Presidential election. Information, coming to me from many sources in New York, fully authorizes me to believe that there the only real contest is between Mr. Adams and me; that my friends are zealous and sanguine of success; that Mr. Crawford has no chance whatever of obtaining the vote of that State; that he is the most unpopular of all the candidates except Genl. Jackson; that he would not probably obtain its support, even if nominated by a Caucus at Washington; and finally that here is every reason to believe that a popular election of Electors, instead of one by the Legislature will be decided on. If Mr. Crawford should fail to be supported by N. York, there must be an end of his prospects, and in that event there is no doubt but that Virginia will bestow her suffrage on me. From all quarters of Ohio I have been informed that I shall be unanimously supported in that State. Pennsylvania has been so agitated by her recent Governor's election that nothing positively can be affirmed of her determination. Unless my friends are however greatly deceived, there is much reason to anticipate her favorable decision. I will say nothing more at present of other States, supposing you may be well informed of them. There is no event that I know of that can now happen in the West that would so much tend to promote my election, as a recommendation of me by your State, what next to Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee, is the most important Western State. Whatever may be said of the Caucuses' of State Legislatures, there is no doubt that they are the most influential expressions of public sentiment what have been yet employed, and that their effect is very great. There is reason to believe that other States, and among them Virginia, will announce their preference, in the course of the ensuing Winter. It is far from my intention to interfere in this concern in Indiana so as to indicate any measure what your own judgments do not approve. I mean merely to communicate my conviction that public declaration of your choice will have powerful effect, let it be for whom it may! I need not say or attempt to disguise that I should feel very greatly the value and honor of such a declaration, if it be your pleasure to make it for me. I shall set out today for the City, and shall be greatly obliged by a letter from you addressed to me at that place. I need not say that I write for your own view only. With great regard I am faithfully Your's H. CLAY His Excellency W. Hendricks Corydon 22 Dec. 1823 (Copy) Dear Sir (Confidential) I acknowledge the reception of yours of the 10 ultimo & with much pleasure reply agreeably to your wishes & this reply would have been made some time ago but for the pending of a proposition in the Senate on the subject of congressional caucuses. Your warmest friends would not venture on the proposition of a caucus nomination in your favor. The danger was too great that the result would be unfavorable and do you injury. But a Senator friendly to the prospects of Mr. Adams introduced a resolution against congressional caucuses for the nomination of Presidential candidates concluding with instructions to our delegation at the city on that subject. This for some time laid on the table during which time the project of amending it (so) as to instruct the delegation that if they could not prevent a caucus to attend and endeavor to effect your nomination. This was attempted & amended & but for an additional amendment which no one liked it would so have been reported to the H. Reps. The resolution however with the amendments was withdrawn by the mover. The same resolution was moved the next day and the Senate as if by common consent voted for and against it without amendment. The Senate were equally divided & the Lt. Gov. presiding gave the affirmative casting vote. It was sent to the other House & there laid on the table where it will in all probability continue to lie. It is easy to see that if the proposition as amended had been sent to the H. Reps. & there concurred in that the expression would have been altogether certain in it character & the proposition would not have been charged upon your friends. The result however showed your strength in the Senate. That body consists of 17 members 11 of whom are friendly to you & there is a division among the other 7. One at least is for Jackson. In the H. Rs there are 46 members. About 27 or 28 of whom are believed from the safest calculations to be friendly to your election to the presidency & the rest are divided. It is however very certain that you be not a prominent candidate with such prospects of success as will encourage your friends to take a firm stand for you that Mr. Adams will get the votes of this state. But it is equally certain and so at this time admitted on all sides that if you are a candidate with good or reasonable prospects of success that you will get the votes of Indiana. As evidence of this opinion your friends in the Legislature last year wished the state districted afraid that you could not succeed on a general ticket. Last session the bill on that subject fell and now the electory bill for general ticket has already passed one branch and there is no doubt of its success in the other. You will perhaps think it strange after this exhibit of your strength in the Legislature that a nomination could not be effected. This however is the case. So strong is the popular sentiment here on the subject of the, caucuses & against them. I regret not having had it in my power at an earlier day to have given you this line. Sooner I could only have given you opinions much less satisfactory to myself & to you. Your friends in the other parts of the Union should they succeed in making you one of the two prominent candidates (for it is probably there will not be more) may I think repose with much confidence on the aid of Indiana, Should anything further present itself on this subject important for you to know, I will make it the subject for another letter, & in the meantime and when ever convenient should be happy in hearing from you. With the greatest respect your obdt servt-