(Front Cover) BULLETIN OF THE STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE KIRKSVILLE, MISSOURI Volume XIX Number 8 AUGUST, 1919 Publisht Monthly LATIN SERIES No. 3 (Page i) (Page ii) BULLETIN OF STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE KIRKSVILLE, MISSOURI FOUNDED BY JOSEPH BALDWIN AS THE NORTH MISSOURI NORMAL SCHOOL, SEPTEMBER 2, 1867 ADOPTED AS THE FIRST DISTRICT NORMAL SCHOOL, DECEMBER 29, 1870 UNDER ACT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, APPROVED MARCH 19, 1870 OPEND AS THE FIRST DISTRICT NORMAL SCHOOL, JANUARY 1, 1871 DESIGNATED NORTHEAST MISSOURI STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE UNDER ACT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, APPROVED MAY 20, 1919 VOLUME XIX NUMBER 8 AUGUST, 1919 Publisht Monthly by STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE Ancient Language Series Number Three T. JENNIE GREEN, Professor of Latin Enterd as second class mail matter April 29, 1915, at the post office at Kirksville, Missouri under the Act of Congress of August 24, 1912. Accepted for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 26, 1919. (Page iii) FOREWORD This bulletin is issued by the Teachers College at Kirksville, Missouri for the assistance of the Latin teachers of that part of the state which is served by the college. It is issued because experience has taught us that many teachers in our high schools have not studied language sufficiently to see the relation between Latin and English words, and to associate with the Latin words that are being studied daily their English derivatives. It is our belief that the coordination of Latin and English means great gain for both subjects. The English vocabulary of the average high school youth is none too extended, and his acquisition of Latin vocabulary is none too rapid or easy. But his English vocabulary may be greatly extended and his progress in acquiring a Latin one greatly facilitated by the study of English derivatives in connection with every lesson on Latin vocabulary. An English derivative with which a child is already familiar gives him a clutch on the Latin word and brings the study of Latin into closer touch with his daily life. He meets Latin in almost every English sentence that he reads or speaks, and by being made conscious of the connection between the two languages; he gets a better understanding of his native tongue and a keener interest in the study of Latin. It is, therefore, with the desire to help the Latin teachers to make their work easier, more interesting, more profitable,—to make it function in the child’s life—that this bulletin is prepared. The list of derivatives is short, and made up as far as possible of words that the high school student may be supposed to know something about. The Latin words used are those given in the Special Vocabularies of D’Ooge’s First Year Latin. It is of the utmost importance that students of Latin and of English know the meaning of the prefixes given on pages 3, 4, 5. Constant reference must be made to the meaning of these prefixes if one is to gain a full appreciation of English. Since all first year texts on Latin have many words in common, the bulletin may be used with other texts than Mr. D’Ooge’s by referring to the index at the back. T. JENNIE GREEN. (Page 3) LATIN PREFIXES USED IN ENGLISH PREFIX MEANING ILLUSTRATION LITERAL MEANING a- from, a-vert to turn from ab- off, ab-duct to lead away abs- away abs-tain to hold from ad- ad-apt to fit to a- a-gree to be pleasing to ac- ac-cede to yield to af- to, toward af-fix to fasten to ag- near, ag-gravate to add weight to al- against, al-ly to tie to an- thoroly an-nounce to tell to ap- ap-peal to call to ar- ar-rive to come to as- as-sault, to leap against at- at-tain to reach to am- around, am-putate to cut around amb- about amb-iguous driving about ante- = before ante-cedent going before circum- = around circum-locution a talking around con- (forms of cum) con-nect to tie together co- co-operate to work together col- with, col-lect to gather together com- together; com-mit to send with cor- thoroly cor-rupt thoroly ruined contra- contra-dict to speak against contro- against contro-vert to turn against counter- counter-act to act against from, down de- from, away; de-liver to free from thoroly dis- asunder, dis-miss to send away di- apart, di-gest to carry apart dif- away; dif-fuse to pour apart sometimes has negative force ex- out, out ex-port to carry out e- from; e-mit to send out ef- thoroly ef-fort strength put forth —3— (Page 4) PREFIX MEANING ILLUSTRATION LITERAL MEANING extra- =beyond extra-ordinary beyond ordinary in- in-volve to wrap in il- on, in, il-lumine to put light on im- into, im-migrate to move into ir- against ir-rigate to put water on en- en-close to shut in em- em-ploy to fold in in- in-human not human il- not il-legal not legal im- im- mature not ripe ir- ir-rational not rational inter- between, inter-rupt to break in between intel- among, intel-lect ability to choose between enter- at intervals enter-tain to hold among intro- within, intro-duce to lead in intra- in intra-mural within walls non- = not non-combatant not fighting with ob-serve to watch near ob- against, oc-cur to run against oc- toward, of-fend to strike against of- in the way of, op-pose to place against op- I near, before; thoroly per- thru, by; per-mit to send thru pel- thoroly pel-lucid allowing light thru post =after post-pone to place after pre- before, pre-clude to-shut in advance (prae-) in advance; thoroly preter- beyond preter-natural beyond natural (praeter-) pro- for, pro-pose to place before pur-- forward, pur-sue to follow forward por- forth, before por-tray to draw forth re- back, again re-ject to throw back red- red-eem to buy back retro- =backward retro-spect to look backward se- aside, se-cede to go aside sed- apart sed-ition a going apart —4— (Page 5) PREFIX MEANING ILLUSTRATION LITERAL MEANING sub- sub-scribe to write under suc- under, suc-cumb to lie down under suf- from, under, suf-fix to fasten after sug- up close to, sug-gest to carry under sum- in place of, sum-mon to warn privily sup- close after sup-port to up-hold sus sus-pend to hang up subter- under, beneath subter-fuge a thing to flee beneath super- over, super-vise to over-see sur- above sur-feit to over-do trans- across, over, trans-fer to carry across tra- beyond, thru tra-verse to turn across ultra- =beyond ultra-marine beyond the sea LESSON II. agricola=farmer; agriculture. aqua=water; aquarium, aquatic, aqueduct. fortuna=fortune: fortune, fortunate, un-fortunate. fuga=flight: fugitive, fugacious; centrifugal (=tending to fly from center); re-fuge, re-fugee; subter-fuge (=a thing under which one flees or hides, a pretext). iniuria=wrong: injury, injurious. luna-=moon: lunar; lunatic (=one affected by the moon, an insane person; lune (=a crescent shaped figure). nauta=sailor: (derivatives from Greek): nautical; aeronaut (=an air sailor.) filia=daughter: cf. filius=son, Lesson XII; filial; affiliate (=to associate closely as a son or daughter). silva= forest; silvan. terra= land: terrace, territory, terrestrial; terrier (=a dog that digs in the ground); terraqueous (=made up of land and water [aqua]); subterranean; inter (=put in the ground, bury); Mediterranean (=between [medius] the lands of Europe, Asia, and Africa.) LESSON IV. dea=goddess: cf. deus=god: deify (=to make into a god); deist, deity. fera=wild beast: ferocious, ferocity, fierce. sagitta=arrow: Sagittarius (the archer, a sign in the zodiac); sagittate (=arrow-shaped). sum, esse, futurus=be: ab-sent, pre-sent, inter-est, essential, essence, nonentity, future. neco, necatus=kill: inter-necine (=mutually destructive). et=and: et cetera (=and others). —5— (Page 6) LESSON V. corona= crown, wreath: coronation, crown, coronet; coroner (= an officer of the crown [king] who looks after violent deaths); corollary (= the crown of the leading argument, inference). fabula= story: fable, fabulous. pecunia= money: pecuniary, im-pecunious, (= not having money,). pugna= battle: pugnacious, re-pugnant: im-pugn (= fight against [in], attack). victoria= victory: victor, victorious. do, datus=give: cf. donum=gift: data (= facts given); date (=time at which a writing was given or issued); dative (= the giving case); donor, donation. narro, narratus= tell: narrate, narrative. LESSON VI. bonus=good: bonus (=a good thing, a premium); bona fide (=in good faith); bon ami (= French for “good friend”, a cleaning preparation); bonny (=good to look at, pretty); boon [as adjective] (= good, gay); boon (as noun] (= a blessing); bounty. gratus= pleasing: cf. gratia= favor, thanks; gratify, gratitude, grateful, grace, gratuity; in-grate (= a thankless person); gratis (= for thanks, free); con-gratulate (= to rejoice with). magnus= large; Magna Charta, magnificent, magnitude; magnanimous (= great-hearted [animus]); magnate (=a great man in some line of business); Charle-magne (= Charles the Great). malus=bad: malady (=bad state of health, disease); malaria (= bad air, a disease supposed to be caused from bad air); malice (= ill will); malign, malignant, mal-practice, mal-content; male-diction (=evil words [dictum], a curse); male-volent (= ill-wishing [volo]); mal-treat. parvus= little: parvanimity (= little-mindedness [animus]). pulcher= beautiful: pulchritude (= beauty). solus= alone: sole, solo, solitary, solitaire, solitude, de-solate; soli-loquy (=a speech [loquor] uttered when one is alone). ancilla= maid-servant: ancillary (= slave-like). quid=what: quiddity (=the “What is it” of a thing, the essence); quidnunc (=one curious to know everything, always ready to ask “What now?”); quid pro quo (=what for what, an equivalent). non=not: non-entity, non-sense, non-resident, non-plus, non-essential. LESSON VII. casa= cottage: casino (= summer house for amusement); case-ment. gallina= chicken: gallinaceous (== resembling domestic fowls); gallinae (= an order of birds including domestic fowls.) insula= island: insular, isolate; insulate (=to make into an island, to cut off); pen-insula (= almost [paene] an island). —6— (Page 7) ubi= where: ubiquity (= existence everywhere, omnipresence); ubiquitous. ad= to: ad-here, ad-jacent, ad-monish, ad-vise; ad valorem (= according to the value). habito, habitatus= live, dwell: habitat (= “it lives”, natural home of plants and animals); habitable, habitation, habitant, in-habitant. laudo, laudatus= praise: laud, laudable, laudatory. paro, paratus= prepare: pare (=get ready); pre-pare (=get ready in advance [pre]); re-pair, ap-paratus; se-parate (=made ready, set apart); sever, several. voco, vocatus= call: cf. vox= voice, Lesson LI: vocation, vocative, a-vocation, con-voke, eon-vocation, in-voke, re-voke, pro-voke, e-voke, advocate; vouch (= call, declare). LESSON VIII. tuba= trumpet: tuba, tube. via=road: via (=by way of); via-duct (=a device for leading [duco] a road over an obstruction); de-viate (= to go out of the way); ob-vious (= meeting one in the way, evident); ob-viate (=to meet face to face [ob] in the way, to prevent) pre-vious (= on the way before, earlier); per-vious (= capable of giving a way thru); im-per-vious (= not giving a way thru); con-vey and con-voy (= to accompany on the way); en-voy, voyage; in-voice (=a list of goods sent). altus= deep, high: alto, ex-alt, altitude. clarus= bright, famous: clear, clarify, clarinet, clarion, de-clare. latus= broad: latitude. longus=long: long, longitude, pro-long, ob-long, e-longate; longevity (=long life [aevum]). novus=new: novel (=a story out of the usual order); novelty, novice, innovation, re-novate. LESSON IX. Bellum = war: bellicose, re-bel; antebellum (= before the war); belligerent (= carryong on [gero] war). con-stantia= firmness: cf. sto, status= stand, Lesson XXXVI; constancy. dominus= master: dominate, domineer, dominie, dominant; dominion (= lordship); domain (= territory ruled over); don (= Spanish lord); pre-dominate: A. D. (= abbreviation for Anno Domini, in the year of our Lord) equus= horse: equine (= resembling a horse); equestrian. frumentum= grain: frumentaceous (=made of grain). legatus= lieutenant, ambassador: cf. legare=to send or appoint: legate, legation, de-legate, re-legate. murus= wall: mural, intra-mural, extra-mural; im-mune (=to put within wall, to imprison). pilum= spear: pile, pile-driver. —7— (Page 8) servus= slave: serve, servant, servile, serf. curo, curare=care for: cure, curate, curator, curable, curious; curiosity (= fullness of care, concern or interest); pro-cure (=look out for in advance [pro]); se-cure (without [se] care); sine-cure (=.aposition without care); ac-curate (= giving care to [ad] ). LESSON X. amicus= friend: amicable, amity; in-imical (= non [in] friendly); enemy patria= fatherland: cf. pater= father, Lesson XL: ex-patriate (=to drive from.one’s native land). populus= people: populous, populace, popular, de-populate: “vox populi” (= voice of the, people); on the seal of Missouri is “Salus populi suprema lex esto”= (“Let the welfare of the people be the highest law.”) vicus= village: cf. vicinus= neighboring: vicinity, vicinage, vicinal, villa, village, -ville. LESSON XI. arma= arms: arms, armory, dis-arm; alarm (= “ad illa arma”= to your arms) armistice (=a stand [sisto] or cessation of arms). fama= rumor, reputation: fame, famous, de-fame, in-famous. galea= helmet: galeate (= helmet-shaped); “galea” is a word used in botany zoology and surgery without change of spelling. praeda= booty: predatory, prey, de-predation. durus=hard, rough: durable, during, duress (= hardship); durance, en-dure, ob-durate. LESSON XII. filius= son; cf. filia= daughter, Lesson II.: filial; af-filiate (=to adopt as a child, to associate intimately): filiation. fluvius= river; cf. fluo, fluctus, fluxus=flow: fluent, fluency, fluid; fluctuate, con-fluence; in-fluence (=a flowing in, power); af-fluence (=a flowing to, an abundant supply); super-fluous. gladius= sword: gladiator; gladiate (= sword-shaped); gladiolus (=a plant with sword-shaped leaves). finitimus=bordering, near; cf. finis = end, Lesson XLIII. multus=much, many: multiform: multifarious (= of many varieties);.multitude, multigraph; multiply (= to make many fold [plico]). LESSON XIII. ager= field, land: agriculture, agrarian; peregrinate (=to travel thru foreign lands). copia= plenty: copious; cornucopia (=horn ,cornu] of plenty). lorica=coat of mail: loricata (= scientific name for a group of animals that are covered with scales or plates, such as the armadillo and alligator). praemium= reward: premium. —8— (Page 9) scutum= shield: squire and esquire (= shield bearer for a knight, then a title of dignity next lower than a knight); e-scutcheon. vir= man; cf. virtus= manliness, courage, Lesson XXXIX; virile (= strong); virago (=a female warrior, a vixen); trium-vir; decem-vir. liber=free; cf. libertas= freedom, Lesson LI; liberty, liberate, liberal, libertine; de-liver (=free from [de]). LESSON XIV. auxilium= help: auxiliary. castrum= fort: castle; -chester and -caster (in compounds such as Rochester, Lancaster). consilium= plan: counsel, counselor. diligentia= diligence: diligence, diligent. magister= master, teacher; cf. magistra= lady: magistrate, master, mister, Mr., mistress, Miss, Mrs. miser= wretched: miser (=one wretched in his love for money); miserly, miserable; com-miserate (= to be wretched with, to have compassion for). LESSON XV. carrus= wagon: cart, carriage, car, carry, chariot. studium= zeal: study, student, studious, studio. infirmus= weak: infirm, infirmary, infirmity. validus= strong: valid, in-valid, in-validate. maturo, maturatus=to ripen quickly, to hasten: cf. maturus, Lesson XVII. LESSON XVI. alius= other: cf. alienus= foreign: alias (=at another time, other name than the real one); alien, alienate, in-alienable; alibi (=at another place, elsewhere). alter=the one, the other (of two); cf. alternus=one after the other: alter, alternate, alternative, un-altered; altruism (= regard for another). unus=one: unit, unite, union, uniform: un-animous (=of one mind [animus]); unique (= being the only one). nullus= none, no: null, nullify, an-nul. neuter= neither: neuter, neutral, neutralize, neutrality. LESSON XVII. domicilium= abode: domicile; cf. domus= home, Lesson XLVII. femina= woman: feminine, female, ef-feminate. maturus= ripe: mature, pre-mature, im-mature, maturity. aro, aratus= plow: arable. desidero, desideratus= long for: desire; desideratum (=a thing longed for). lacrima= a tear: lachrymal, lachrymose. —9— (Page 10) numerus=number: number, numerous, numeral, e-numerate, in-numerable, numerator. quo= whither: Quo Vadis (= Whither Goest Thou). LESSON XVIII. ludus= school, play; cf. ludere, lusus=to play, mock deceive: ludicrous, pre-lude, inter-lude, post-lude; al-lude (=to refer to [ad] playfully or casually); de-lusion (= deceptive appearance); e-lude (=to escape by deceit). socius= an ally, companion: society, social, as-sociate, dis-sociate. hodie—(hoc-dies)= today; cf. dies=day, Lesson XLVIII. iratus= angry: irate, ire, irascible. nunc= now; cf. quidnunc, Lesson VI. LESSON XIX. amo, amatus=love; cf. amicus= friend, Lesson X: amatory; amateur (= one who cultivates a study from love of it); amity, amiable. deleo, deletus= destroy: delete, deleble, in-delible. iubeo, iussus= order: jussive. laboro, laboratus= work: labor, laborious, laborer, laboratory, e-laborate. moneo, monitus= advise, warn: monitor, monument, ad-monish, admonitory, pre-monition; sum-mon (=to remind privately [sub], to notify). moveo, motus=move:movement, motion, motive, momentum, promote, re-mote, com-motion, e-motion, mob, mobile, mobilize. nuntio, nuntiatus= announce: de-nounce, e-nunciate, pro-nunciation, announce, re-nounce. porto, portatus= carry: portable; porter (=a carrier); portfolio (=case for carrying loose leaves); portmanteau (=bag for carrying clothing); de-portment (= one’s carriage or conduct); re-port; sup-port (= carry by being under [sub], uphold); ex-port, im-port. video, visus=see: visible, vision, visual, visor, visage, vista, visit, e-vident, pro-vide, pro-vidence, pro-vision, pro-viso; prudent (= seeing in advance [pro]); re-vise, super-vise; sur-vey (= to look over [super]); view, review. LESSON XX. forma= shape, beauty: form; formal (= according to form); formula (=a little form or model); in-form (=to put into form, to tell); re-form, conform, de-form, trans-form; cruci-form (=in the form of a cross [crux]); multi-form, uni-form; cunei-form (= wedge [cuneus] shape). poena = punishment: penalty, penalize, penitentiary, penitent, re-pent; im-punity (= freedom from punishment or harm). potentia= power: potent, potentate, potency, potential, im-potent. regina= queen: cf. rego, rectus=to rule; cf. rex, regis=king: regal, regent, royal, regalia, regular. —10— (Page 11) superbus= proud: superb (= worthy of pride, splendid). tristitia= sorrow: tristful (= sorrowful). septem= seven: September (= the seventh month in the Roman year); sept-ennial. LESSON XXI. sacrum= sacrifice, rite: sacred, saprament; sacrilege (= stealing [legere] of sacred things, misuse of sacred things); con-secrate, de-secrate. verbum=word: verb, verbal, verbatim, pro-verb; ad-verb (= a word belonging to [ad] a verb); verbose (= wordy); verbiage. sedeo, sessum=sit; cf. praesidium=a garrison, Lesson XII: sediment (= that which settles); sedentary, session; as-siduous (= sitting close [ad] to one’s task, diligent); in-sidious (= sitting in wait for, treacherous); pre-side, re-side, sub-side, super-sede; posesss (=sit over with power [potis], to own). volo, volatus=fly; volatile (= flying away, as gas); volatilize, volley. molestus= annoying: molest, molestation. perpetuus = continuous: perpetual, perpetuate. ego= I: ego, egotism, egoist, egotistic. LESSON XXII. disciplina= training: discipline, disciple. ornamentum= ornament, jewel: ornament, ornate, ad-orn. doceo, doctus= teach: doctrine; doctor (=a teacher, a learned person); docile (= teachable, easily managed); document. maxime= especially; cf. maximus= greatest, Lesson XXVII. antiquus= ancient: antique, ancient, antiquary. proximus= nearest: ap-proximate. LESSON XXIII. ago, actus= drive, do: agile, agent, act, active, en-act, co-gent, ex-act, exigency, trans-act, agitate; navigate (= drive a ship [navis]). audio, auditus= hear: audit, auditor, audience, audible, auditory, auditorium; ob-edient (= listening to [ob]). dico, dictus= say: diction, dictionary, dictate; bene-diction (=good (bonus] saying, blessing); contra-dict, e-dict, in-dict, inter-dict, pre-dict, pre-dicate ver-dict (=true [verus] saying, truth as declared by a judge). duco, ductus= lead: duct, ductile, aque-duct, con-duct, con-duit, conduce, de-duce, de-duct, re-duction, intro-duce, pro-duction, se-ductive, tra-duce, in-duce. mitto, missus= send: ad-mit, com-mit, e-mit, o-mit, per-mit, re-mit, submit, com-mission, trans-mission, mission, missionary, missive, missile. munio, munitus= fortify: munition, am-munition. rego, rectus= rule; cf. regina= queen, Lesson XX; cf. rex, regis= king. Lesson XXXIX; regent, regal, royal, rector, rectify, e-rect, di-rect, correct; in-cor-rigible (=not capable of being ruled); realm, reign. —11— (Page 12) reperio, repertus— find: repertory (=a store-house in which things can be found again); repertoire. venio, ventum= come: con-vene, con-vention, pre-vent, ad-vent, circumvent; a-venue (= approach to [ad]): e-vent; co-venant =a coming together [con], an agreement); re-venue, in-vent, inter-vention, contravene. LESSON XXIV. credo, creditus= believe: credit, creditor, credible, credulous, incredible, creed, dis-credit, credentials. faveo, fauturus= favor: favor, favorite, disfavor, favorable, unfavorable. noceo, nocitum= harm: in-nocent, noxious, ob-noxious, nuisance. pareo, paritum= be present, be visible, obey: ap-parent, ap-pear, transparent. resisto= stand back, oppose: resist, resistance. studeo= be eager for; cf. studium= zeal, Lesson XV; study, student, studious. LESSON XXVI. capio, captus= take: capable, capacity, re-ceive, con-ceive, de-ception, recipient, ac-cept, ex-cept, con-ception, sus-ceptible, in-cipient, participle, parti-cipate, inter-cept, anti-cipate, aman-cipate, re-cipe. facio, factus= do, make: fact, factitive, facsimile, factor, faction, benefactor, manufacture, fashion, af-fect, effect, in-fect, per-fect, con-fection, ef-ficacy, de-ficit, ef-ficient, pro-ficient, of-ficer, facile; de facto (=in fact, in reality). This Latin word is said to give 1300 English derivatives. iacio, iactus= hurl: ab-ject, de-ject, re-ject, con-jecture, in-ject, inter-jection, ob-ject, pro-ject, sub-ject, ad-jective, e-jaculate, jet, jetty, jut. rapio, raptus= seize: rapacious, rapid, rapt, rapture, ravage; sur-repti-tious (= taken stealthily [sub], done by stealth). LESSON XXVII. ala= wing: ala (= a wing-like part); aisle. deus= god: cf. dea= goddess, Lesson IV. monstrum= omen, prodigy: monster, monstrous, monstrosity. oraculum= oracle: oracle, oracular. com-motus= moved, excited: com-motion. maximus= greatest: maximum; maxim (= greatest or chief rule). vasto, vastatus= lay waste, empty; cf. vastus= empty, large: vast, devastate. LESSON XXVIII. re-spondeo, re-sponsus= answer, promise: re-spond, re-sponse, re-sponsive; re-sponsible; sponsor (= one who answers for another’s good behavior); spouse (= one who has promised, a married preson); e-spouse, cor-re-spond, ir-re-sponsible. serve, servatus= save: con-serve, pre-serve, re-serve, re-servoir; con-serv-atory (=a place for saving things, as plants, knowledge, music). —12— (Page 13) carus= dear: caress (=to express love); cherish (=to keep as dear); charity (= dearness, love). vita= life: vital, vitalize, vitality; vitals (= the organs on which life depends); arvor vitae (= “the tree of life,” an evergreen). LESSON XXIX. supero, superatus= conquer; cf. super, superior, supremus, summus: superable, in-superable. semper= always: sempiternal (= lasting forever); sempervivum (= name of a plant commonly called “Live-forever”); on the seal of the State of Virginia is “Sic semper tyrannis”(= “Thus always to tyrants”). cura= care: cf. curo, Lesson IX. locus= place: locate, locality, dis-locate; col-location (= arrangement); locomotive, locative; locus and loci (mathematical terms). periculum = danger: peril, perilous. de= down from: de-pose, de-ject. per= thru, by: per annum, perennial; per se (=thru or in itself); per (as in “per dozen”). LESSON XXIX. ab-sum, ab-esse=be away: cf. sum=be, Lesson IV; ab-sent, ab-sence, ab-sentee. ad-propinquo, ad-propinquatus= draw near: ap-proach, propinquity. con-tineo, con-tentus= hold together, keep; cf. teneo=hold, Lesson XXXVI: con-tent [as adjective] (= held in with respect to one’s desires, satisfied); con-tain, con-tinuous; coun-tenance (= self-restraint, demeanor, face); con-tinent (= countries held together); continence (= self-restraint.) discedo, discessus= depart; cf. cedo, cessus= go away, give way, yield: cede, cession, cease, ac-cede, ac-cessorv, ac-cess, ante-cedent; an-cestor (=one who has gone before [ante.); con-cede, de-cease, ex-ceed, excess, in-cessant, inter-cession, pre-cede, pro-ceed, pro-cess, re-cede, secede, suc-ceed. egeo= need: ind-igent (= in need). pro-hibeo, pro-hibitus= restrain; cf. habeo=have: pro-hibit, pro-hibition, in-hibit, ex-hibit. vulnero, vulneratus= wound: vulnerable, in-vulnerable. provincia= province: province, provincial. vinum= wine: vine, vinegar, vintage. longe= far, by far; cf. longus=long, Lesson VIII. LESSON XXXI. aurum= gold: aureate; auriferous (= gold bearing [fero]); oriole (= golden-colored bird). navigium= boat; cf. navigo, navigatus= sail: navigate, navigable, navigation. —13— (Page 14) ventus= wind: ventilate, ventilator; ventiduct (= a pipe for ventilating). attentus= careful: attentive, attention. dubius= doubtful: dubious, in-dubitable, doubt, doubtless. per-fidus= faithless: per-fidy, per-fidious. sine= without: sine-cure (= an office without care[cura]); “sine die” (= without naming a time [die] for meeting again); “sine qua non (= without which not, an essential). LESSON XXXII. animus= heart, feeling, spirit: animus (= strong feeling); animosity, animate; un-animity (= one-mindedness); magnanimity (= great-mindedness); equ-animity (= even [aequus]-mindedness); pusill-animity (= small-mindedness.) bracchium= arm: brace, embrace, bracelet. porta= gate, door: portal, porter (=door keeper); portiere, porch, portico. pro= before, in behalf of, instead of: pro-ceed, pro-hibit, pro-noun, pro-German. ad-versus= opposite; cf. verto, versus= turn, Lesson XLVII: adverse, adversity. plenus= full: pleni-potentiary (= one filled with power [potentia]; plenty, re-plenish, plenary. diu= long time: diuturnal (= lasting). LESSON XXXIV. celeriter= quickly; cf. celer= swift, Lesson LIII; cf. celeritas= speed, Lesson LIV; celerity (= with speed); ac-celerate (= to quicken). graviter= heavily; cf. gravis= heavy, Lesson XLV: grave [as adjective] (= heavy, serious); gravity (= heaviness); grieve, grief; ag-gravate (= to add weight to [ad], to make worse). re-porto, re-portatus= carry back, win: cf. porto, portatus= cany: report, im-port, ex-port, com-port, de-port, sup-port, trans-port, purport; im-portant (= carrying much, significant). LESSON XXXVI. dexter= right: dexterity (= right-handedness, skill); dexterous, dextral. sinister= left: sinister (= on the left hand, unlucky, evil); sinistrous, sinistral. frustra=in vain: frustrate (= to render ineffective). gero, gestus= carry, bear: gesture; belli-gerent (= carrying on war [bellum]); di-gest, con-gest, sug-gest; vice-gerent (= one who acts in place of [vice] another, a deputy); re-gister (= to carry back, record); in-di-gestion. occupo, occupatus= seize, take possession of: occupy, occupation, occupant. postulo, postulatus= demand: postulate; ex-postulate (= to demand earnestly [ex]). recuso, recusatus= refuse: recusant (= obstinate in refusal). —14— (Page 15) sto, status= stand: station, state, statue, status, statute, stationary; stationery (= something sold at a stand); armistice (= a standing or stay of arms, cessation of fighting); solstice (= standing or stopping of sun at its furthest northern and southern limits about June 21 and December 21); stable, [as noun] (= a place where animals stand); stable [as adjective] (= firm). tempto, temptatus= try: tempt, temptation, at-tempt. teneo, tentus= hold; cf. contineo, contentus= hold in, refrain, Lesson XXX: tenacious; tenant (= one who holds without ownership); tenet (= “he holds,” a principle held); tenure, tenement, tenacity, tenable, per-tinent, im-pertinent, de-tention, de-tain, abs-tain, abs-tinence, retain, re-tinue; sus-tain (= hold up [sub]; main-tain (= hold by the hand [manus], support); lieutenant(= one who holds another’s place, as an under officer). LESSON XXXVII. castellum= fortress; cf. castrum= fort, Lesson XIV: castle. cotidie= daily: quotidian(= occurring daily). cesso, cessatus= cease; cf. discedo, discessus= go away, Lesson XXX: cease, cessation, in-cessant. in-cipio, in-ceptus= begin; cf. capio, captus= take: incipient, incipiency, inception. op-pugno, op-pugnatus= storm, assail; cf. pugna= battle, Lesson V. oppugn, op-pugnant, op-pugnancy. peto, petitus= seek, ask, aim at, assail: petition, re-peat, ap-petite, com-pete; competence (= fitness); petulant (= seeking, dissatisfied, fretful); impetus, im-petuous. pono, positus= put, place: com-pose, de-pose, dis-pose, ex-pose, im-pose, inter-pose, op-pose, pro-pose, pur-pose, re-pose, sup-pose, trans-pose, post-pone, com-ponent, com-pound, de-pot, position, post, posture. It is said that there are 250 English derivatives from pono. possum, posse= be able; cf. sum=be, Lesson IV; cf. potentia= power, Lesson XX: possible; posse (= men having power to act under an officer). veto, vetitus= forbid: veto (= I forbid). vinco, victus= conquer: victor, victory, victim, vanquish, con-vict, convince; e-vince (= to conquer, prove beyond doubt); e-vict, inv-incible. vivo, victus=be alive: vivid, vivify, vivacious, re-vive, sur-vive, con-vivial; vivi-section (= cutting up [seco] of an animal while alive); vivi-parous (= producing young (pario] in a living state); “viva voce” (= with the living voice). LESSON XXXIX. barbarus= strange, foreign: barbarous, barbarity, barbarian. dux, ducis= leader: cf. duco, ductus= lead, Lesson XXIII: duke, duchy, duchess. eques, equitis= horseman; cf. equus= horse, Lesson IX: equestrian. —15— (Page 16) iudex, iudicis= judge: judicial, judiciary, adjudicate, judge. lapis, lapidis= stone: lapidary: di-lapidated (= having the stones fallen out, in ruin); lapidescent (= turning to a stone). miles, militis= soldier: militia, military, militant, militarism. pedes, peditis= foot soldier: pedestrian. pes, pedis= foot: pedal, pedestal, quadru-ped, bi-ped, centi-pede, veloci-pede; im-pede (= get the feet into, to hinder); ex-pedite (= get the feet out of, to hasten); im-pediment (= something in the way of the feet). princeps, principis= chief: prince, principal, principle. rex, regis= king; cf. regina= queen, Lesson XX; cf. rego, rectus= rule, Lesson, XXIII: regicide. summus= highest; cf. super= above: summit, sum, summary. virtus, virtutis= courage, manliness; cf. vir= man, Lesson XIII: virtue, virtuous; virtuoso (=one skilled in fine arts, music, etc.) LESSON XL. Caesar= Caesar: Kaiser, Caesarism. captivus= captive; cf. capio, captus=take, Lesson XXVI; captive, captivate. consul= consul; cf. consulo, consultus= consult: consular, consulate, consulship, consult, consultation. frater, fratris= brother: fraternity, fraternal, fratricide, friar. homo, homonis= man: homicide; homage (= respect paid by a man [serf] to a lord); human, humane, humanity. impedimentum= hindrance: impediment. imperator= commander: emperor, imperial, imperious, imperative. legio, legionis= legion; cf. lego, lectus=to pick out, choose: legion (= a picked body of men, a large number); col-lect; neg-lect (= not to pick out, to be careless); e-legant (= picked); e-lect, se-lect, e-ligible; intelligent (= able to pick out and distinguish among [inter]); legible (= that which may be picked out, readable); legend (= a thing to be read, a story); di-ligent. mater, matris= mother: maternal, matricide, matron, matrimony; alma mater (= the nourishing mother, the school where one is educated). ordo, ordinis= row, rank: order, ordinary, ordinance, ordnance, ordain; in-ordinate (= out of rank, excessive). pater, patris= father; paternal, patricide, parricide, patrimony, patron, patronage, patrician. salus, salutis= safety; cf. salvo, salvatus= Save; cf. salvus=safe: salutatory, salutary; salute (= wish safety, greet); salvage, salvation, safe. soror= sister: sorority. LESSON XLI. calamitas, calamitatis= loss, defeat: calamity, calamitous. caput, capitis= head: capital, capitol; capitulate (= to surrender under certain terms which are drawn up under certain heads); re-capitulate —16— (Page 17) (= name over the headings); cape (= head-land); captain, chief, chapter, de-capitate; pre-cipitate (= bring to a head quickly); pre-cipice (= a headlong steep). flumen, fluminis= river; cf. fluvius= river, Lesson XII: flume. labor=work: laborious, laboratory, col-laborator, e-laborate. opus, operis= work: operate, co-operate, in-operative, opera, operator. orator = orator: oratorical, oratory, per-oration. tempus, temporis= time: temporal, temporize, ex-temporaneous, pro tempore, con-temporary; tense [as noun] (= time); temperate (= well timed, moderate); temperance. terror= fear: terror, terrorize, terrify, terrific; de-ter (= frighten from). victor= victor: victory, victorious; cf. vinco, victus= conquer, Lesson XXXVII. ac-cipio, ac-ceptus= receive; cf. capio, captus=take, Lesson XXVI: ac-cept, ac-ceptable, ac-ceptance. confirmo, con-firmatus= strengthen: confirm, con-firmation, confirmatory. LESSON XLIII. animal = animal: animalcule, animalism. avis= bird: aviary, aviation, aviator. caedes= slaughter; cf. caedo, caesus= cut, kill (the ae becoming i in compounds); in-cisor, de-cide, con-cise, pre-cise, patri-cide, sui-cide, fratricide, germi-cide, homi-cide. calcar= spur: calcarated (= having spurs). civis= citizen; cf. civitas= state, Lesson LVI: civic, civilian, civilize, civilization, city, citizen. cliens, clientis= retainer, dependent: client, clientage, clientele. finis= end: finish, finite, final: fine [as adjective] (= ended, well done); fine [as noun] (= money which ends the case); in-finite. hostis= enemy: hostile, hostility; host (= enemy, army, vast number). ignis= fire: ignite, ignition; ignis fatuus (= a deceiving [fatuus] fire, a decoy). insigne= decoration, badge: ensign, insignia. mare= sea: marine, mariner, submarine, transmarine; rose-mary (= dew of the sea, a plant). navis= ship; cf. navigo, navigatus= sail, Lesson XXXI: naval, navy, nave. turris= tower: turret, tower. urbs, urbis= city: urban; urbane (= having lived in a city, courteous); urbanity, sub-urb, inter-urban. LESSON XLIV. arbor= tree: arbor, arboreal, arboriculture. dens, dentis= tooth: dentist, dental; dent (= print of a tooth): tri-dent (= three [tres] pronged fork); dentition (= cutting of teeth, teething); dentifrice (= tooth powder) —17— (Page 18) fons, fontis= fountain: font, fountain. iter, itineris= march, journey: itinerary, itinerant. mons, montis= mountain: mount, mound; a-mount (= mount or rise to); sur-mount (= rise over [super]); tanta-mount (= amounting to so much [tantus], equivalent). pons, pontis= bridge: pontoon. sanguis, sanguinis= blood: sanguine, sanguinary, con-sanguinity. trans= across: tran-spose, trans-fer, trans-atlantic. vis= strength: violate, violent, vim (acc.). LESSON XLV. acer, acris, acre= sharp: acrid, acrimony, eager; vin-egar (= sharp wine). brevis= short: brief, breve, brevity, abbreviate, breviary, abridge. difficilis= hard: difficult, difficulty. facilis= easy; cf. facio, factus= do, make, Lesson XXVI: facile, facility, facilitate. fortis= brave, strong: fort, fortify, fortress, fortitude, force; comfort (= be strong with, sympathize); ef-fort (= strength put forth [ex]) gravis = heavy, serious; cf. graviter= heavily, Lesson XXXIV. omnis= all, every: omnibus (= for all); omni-potent, omni-present, omniscient, omni-vorous. par = equal: par, parity, pair, dis-parage, com-pare, peer, peerless. pauci= few: paucity. secundus= second; cf. sequor, secutus= follow: secondary. signum= sign, mark: signal, signify, signet, as-sign, re-sign, con-sign. velox, velocis= speed: velocity, veloci-pede. similis= like: simile, similar, similarity, similitude, semblance, re-semblance, as-similate. exercitus= army; cf. exerceo. impetus= attack; cf. peto, petitus= assail, seek, Lesson XXXVII: impetus, impetuous, impetuosity. lacus= lake: lake; lacuna (= a small depression or opening, a gap); lacunose (= furrowed, pitted). manus=hand: manual, manu-script, manu-facture; manu-mit (= send [mitto] from the hands of the owner, free); manage (= handle, care for); manicure (= care [cura] of the hands); a-manuensis (= one who writes by hand, a copyist). portus= harbor: port. Cf. porta = gate, Lesson XXXII. post= after: post mortem= after death; post-script, post-pone; post meridian (P. M.) cremo, crematus=burn: cremate, crematory, cremation. exerceo, exercitus= train, drill: exercise. LESSON XLVI. ad-ventus= approach, arrival; cf. venio= come: ad-vent, ad-venture, adventitious. —18— (Page 19) ante= before: ante meridian (A. M.); ante bellum. cornu=horn: cornet; cornucopia (= horn of plenty [copia]); uni-corn (= animal with one [unus] horn); corn (=a horny thickening of the skin); corner (= horn, angle); cornea (= horny membrane in eye); capricorn (= goat [caper] horn, a sign of the zodiac). con-voco, con-vocatus= call together; cf. voco, vocatus= call, Lesson VII: con-voke, con-vocation. timeo= fear: timid, timidity, timorous, in-timidate. verto, versus= turn, change: verse (= a turn at end of line, line); versatile (= turning readily to many things, many sided); version (= translation); con-vert, re-vert, di-vert, in-vert; per-vert (= turn entirely [per] from the right course); a-vert, a-version; trans-verse; ad-vertise (= turn attention to, publish). LESSON XLVII. domus= house; cf. domicilium= house, home, Lesson XVII: dome, domestic. rus, ruris= country: rural, rusticate, rustic. tergum= back, skin: tergiferous (= carrying [fero] on the back, as ferns do their seed); tergiversation (= turning [versor] of the back, evasion), vulnus, vulneris= wound: vulnerable, in-vulnerable. com-mitto, com-missus= entrust; cf. mitto, missus=send, Lesson XXIII: com-mit, com-mitment, com-mittee, com-missary, com-mission. dis-similis= unlike; cf. simulare= pretend: dissimilar, dissimulate, dissemble. con-loco, con-locatus= arrange, place; cf. locus= place, Lesson XXIX: col-location. de-monstro, de-monstratus= point out, explain: de-monstrate, de-monstrative: Q. E. D. stands for “Quod erat demonstrandum” (= that which was to be explained or proved). mando, mandatus= commit, entrust: mandate; mandamus [1st person plu.] (= a writ entrusting a duty to one); mandatory, com-mand, commandeer, counter-mand. LESSON XLVIII. annus= year: annual, bi-ennial, per-ennial, cent-ennial; mill-ennium (= a thousand years); anni-versary (= returning with the year); per annum. dies= day: diurnal, diary, dial, per diem. fides= confidence, trust: fidelity, con-fide, dif-fidence, in-fidel, per-fidy; af-fiance (= trust, pledge); fiance. fluctus= wave; cf. fluvius= river, Lesson XII: fluctuate, hiems, hiemis= winter: hibernate (= to pass winter in close quarters in a stupor). hora= hour (from Greek): horoscope, horalog, hour. lux, lucis= light; cf. lumen= light: lucid, e-lucidate; Luci-fer (= light bearer [fero], morning star); trans-lucent, luminous, luminate, il-lumine. —19— (Page 20) meri-dies= midday: meridian, ante meridiem [A. M.] (= before noon); post meridiem [P. M.] (= after noon). nox, noctis= night: nocturnal; equi-nox (= equal days and nights). primus= first; cf. princeps= chief, Lesson XXXIX: prime, primer, primary; primeval (= of first age [aevum]); primogeniture (= a right of inheritance belonging to the first born); primrose, premier. res= affair, thing: real (= the thing itself, genuine); re-public (= public affairs, the state); in re (= in reality); rebus (= a puzzle in which words are represented by things). spes= hope: pro-sper (= to be according to one’s hope); de-spair, de-sperate; de-sperado (= a hopeless character, a villain). LESSON XLIX. amicitia= friendship; cf. amicus= friend, Lesson XIV. littera= letter: literal, literature; il-literate (= without letters or learning); ob-literate (=to rub out [ob] the letters, destroy); letter, al-literation. metus= fear: meticulous (= unduly careful). nihil = nothing: nihilist, nil, an-nihilate. nuntius= messenger; cf. nuntio, nuntiatus= announce: an-nounce, denounce, pro-nounce, e-nunciate. pax, pacis= peace: “pax vobiscum” (= peace be with you); pacify, pacifist, peace. regnum= kingdom; cf. regina, rego, rex: reign. sup-plicium= punishment; cf. sup-plico, sup-plicatus; (=bend under [sub], bow down, beseech); sup-plicate, sup-pliant, sup-ple. placeo, placitus= please; cf. placo, placatus= appease); please, pleasant, pleasure, com-placent, com-plaisance, im-placable, placid. sumo, sumptus= take up: re-sume, con-sume, as-sume; sumptuous (= taking up the money, extravagant); pre-sumption. sus-tineo, sus-tentus= sustain, uphold; cf. teneo, tentus=hold, Lesson XXXVI: sus-tain, sus-tenance. corpus, corporis= body: corporeal; corporation (a number of individuals united into a body); in-corporate, corpse, corpulent; corpuscle (= little body); corselet, corset; corps (= a body of men); corporal (= an officer who has charge of a body of men). densus= thick: dense, density, con-dense, con-densation. idem= the same: identity, identify, identical, identification. ipse=self: “ipse dixit”= he himself said it. mirus= wonderful: miracle, miraculous, ad-mire, ad-miration. pars, partis= part: partition, particle (= little part); participate (= take [capio] part); partisan, party, im-part, de-part, parcel; parse (= give part of speech); partial, a-partment, com-partment, de-parture. sol = sun: solar, solstice; in-solate (= expose to the sun for drying). verus= true; verify, verily, verification; ver-dict (= truth said [dico]); veritable, veracity. —20— (Page 21) debeo, debitus= owe: debit, debtor, in-debted, duty. eripio, ereptus= snatch from; cf. rapio, raptus= seize, Lesson XXVI. LESSON LI. libertas, libertatis= freedom; cf. liber= free, Lesson XIII; liberty. modus= measure, manner, limit: mode, mood, modish, model, moderate, modest; com-modious (= measured, fitted, convenient); ac-com-modate, in-com-mode. nomen, nominis= name: nominate, nomenclature, nominal, nominee. oculus= eye: oculist, ocular; in-oculate (= insert little eyes or buds). pristinus= former, old-time: pristine. publicus= public: re-public, publish, publication. vestigum= trace, track: vestige; in-vestigate (= look into the tracks or traces) vox, vocis= voice; cf. voco, vocatus= call, Lesson VII: vocal; voci-ferous (= carrying the voice, loud). LESSON LII. paene= almost: pen-insula (= almost an island); pen-ult (= almost the last [ultimus] syllable); pene-plain (= almost a plain); pen-umbra (= a partial shadow). satis= enough: satisfy, satisfactory, sate, satiety. tantus= so much: tanta-mount (= amounting to so much, equivalent). vero= truly; cf. verus= true, Lesson L. de-cido= fall down; cf. cado, casus= fall: de-ciduous, de-cay, de-cadence; cadence (= falling of voice); cascade, ac-cident, incident, oc-casion, coin-cide; case (= state in which a thing falls or is); casual, casualty; occident (= a place where the sun falls or sets, the west). desilio, desultus= leap down; cf. salio=leap: de-sultory (leaping, rambling, disconnected); sally; salient (= leaping, pushing out) salmon (= a leaping fish); as-sail, ex-ult; in-sult (= leap against or upon, attack). maneo, mansurus= remain; cf. mansio= an abiding place, home: manse, mansion, manor, per-manent, re-main, re-mnant; menial (= one of a household, servile); menagerie (= a place where household animals were kept, then a place where wild animals are kept). traduco, traductus= lead across; cf. duco, ductus=lead) Lesson XXIII: traduce. LESSON LIII. aquila= eagle: aquiline (= eagle like, curved, hooked like an eagle’s beak). audax, audacis= bold: audacity, audacious. celer= swift; cf. celeriter= swiftly; cf. celeritas= swiftness, Lesson LIV. explorator= scout: explore, exploration, explorer. medius= middle: medium, medial; mediator (= one who comes between, intercessor); im-mediate (= without [in] anything between); mediocrity, mezzo, inter-mezzo. —21— (Page 22) mens, mentis=mind: mental, mention, mentality; de-mented (= out of one’s mind). op-portunus= near [ob] the harbor, easy of access, suitable; cf. portus= harbor; op-portune, op-portunity. recens, recentis= recent. quaero, quaesitus= ask, seek: query, question, in-quire, in-quisitive, re-quire. LESSON LIV. alacer, alacris, alacre= eager: alacrity. celeritas, celeritatis= speed; cf. celeriter = speedily; cf. celer= swift: celerity, ac-celerate. clamor = shouting: clamor, clamorous, claim, ex-claim, dis-claim, ac-claim, pro-claim, re-claim. lenis= gentle: lenient, leniency. multitudo, multitudinis= a large number; cf. multus= much, Lesson XXII; multitude, multitudinous. nobilis= well known: noble, nobility, ig-noble. noctu= by night; cf. nox, noctis= night, Lesson XLVIII: nocturnal; nocturne (= a dreamy musical composition). tardus= slow; tardy, tardiness, re-tard, re-tardation. cupio, cupitus= desire: Cupid (= the god of desire and love); cupidity (= love of money); covet, covetous, covetousness. LESSON LV. aedificium= building: edify (= to build up); edifice. imperium= command; cf. imperator= commander, Lesson XL: imperial, empire. mors, mortis= death: mortal, mortality, morgue, mortify, moribund, immortal. reliquus= remaining; cf. relinquo, relictus= leave behind, Lesson LVI: relic. servitus, servitutis= slavery; cf. servus= slave, Lesson IX: servitude. valles= valley: vale, valley; avalanche (= “ad vallem,” to the valley, a descent of snow into the valley). con-tendo, con-tentus= stretch, struggle: cori-tend, con-tention. oc-cido, oc-cisus=cut down, kill; cf. caedes= slaughter, Lesson XLIII. per-terreo, per-territus= frighten: cf. terror = fright, Lesson XLI. trado, traditus (trans+do)= give over: tradition (= information given across from generation to generation); traitor (= one who gives over his country). LESSON LVI. aditus= across: adit (= an opening or entrance to a mine). civitas, civitatis= state; cf. civis= citizen, Lesson XLIII. inter= between: inter-pose, inter-ject, inter-vene. —22— (Page 23) re-cipio, re-ceptus= receive, recover; cf. capio= take, Lesson XXVI: re-cipe (= “take thou” [imperative]); re-ceive, re-ceipt, re-ception, reciprocal, re-ciprocity. statuo, statutus, = fix, decide, set up; cf. sto, status= stand; cf. sisto= cause to stand, place: statue, stature, statute, con-stitute, de-stitute, pro-stitute, in-stitute. LESSON LVII. aequus= even: equal, equation, equator, equality, equity, equivalent, equinox, equivocal, equipoise; in-iquity (= unevenness, injustice, sin). cohors, cohortis= a tenth part of a legion: cohort. curro, cursus= run: current, currency, course, courier, cursory, in-cur, concur, re-cur, sue-cor; dis-course (= a running about, a talk); ex-cursion, pre-cursor, in-cursion. difficultas, difficultatis= difficulty; cf. difficilis= not easy, Lesson XLV; difficulty. fossa= ditch: fosse (= trench): fossil (= substance dug up). gens, gentis=race, tribe: gentile, gentle; genteel (= belonging to the tribe, well bred). negotium= business: negotiate, negotiable. regio, regionis= district; cf. rego= rule, Lesson XXIII: region. simul atque= at same time: simultaneous, as-semble, as-sembly. sus-cipio, sus-ceptus= undertake, take up; cf. capio, captus= take, Lesson XXVI: sus-ceptible. traho, tractus= drag, draw: tract, tractor, at-tract, de-tract, con-tract, pro-tract, ex-tract, dis-tract, sub-tract, track, trace, train, trail,, trait, por-tray, por-trait, tractable; treaty (= agreement drawn up). valeo, valiturus= be strong; cf. validus= strong, Lesson XV: valid, value, valiant, pre-valent, equi-valent, a-vail, con-valescent, in-valid, in-validate; vale-dictory (= a wishing well, good bye). LESSON LVIII. latitudo, latitudinis= width; cf. latus= wide, Lesson VIII: latitude. longitude, longitudinis= length; cf. longus=long, Lesson VIII: longitude. magnitudo, magnitudinis= size; cf. magnus= large, Lesson VI: magnitude. mercator= trader: merchant, mercantile, mercenary, com-merce, mercer. munitio, munitionis= fortification: cf. munio, munitus= fortify, Lesson XXIII: munition, am-munition; muniment (= that which supports, defense, title deeds). spatium= room, time, distance: space, spacious; expatiate (= to move about at large, roam). cognosco, cognitus= learn: cognizant, con-note, re-cognize; in-cognito (= in disguise, unknown). cogo, coactus (co+ago) = collect, compel; cogent, cogency. —23— (Page 24) de-fendo, de-fensus= protect; cf. fendo, fensus= keep off: de-fend, defensive, de-fendant, fend, fender, fence, fencer, of-fense. in-of-fensive. in-cendo, incensus= set fire to: in-cendiary, censer, in-cense. ob-tineo, ob-tentus= possess; cf. teneo=hold, Lesson XXXVI: ob-tain, ob-tainable. pre-venio, per-ventus= come thru, arrive; cf. venio, ventum= come, Lesson XXIII. LESSON LIX. concilium= assembly: council; conciliate (= to bring together); conciliatory, re-concile, re-conciliation. passus= step, pace; cf. pando, pansus, passus= spread; pass, passage, passenger, tres-pass, sur-pass, com-pass, pace, ex-pand, ex-panse; passport (= permission to leave a port). vallum= earthwork, rampart: circum-vallation, inter-val. cado, cafsurus= fall; cf. de-cido= fall down, Lesson LII: cadence, cascade. dedo, deditus= give up; cf. do, datus= give, Lesson V: dedition (= surrender). premo, pressus= press hard, harass: press, com-press, de-press, ex-press, im-press, op-press, re-press, sup-press, print, im-print, ir-repressible, pressure, com-pression. vexo, vexatus= annoy: vex, vexation. LESSON LX. causa= cause: causeless, causation, be-cause; ac-cuse (= bring a cause or charge against [ad]); ex-cuse (= cause for release ([ex]); re-cusant. opinio, opinionis= supposition: opinion, opine. timor=fear; cf. timeo= fear, Lesson XLVII: timorous. conor, conatus= try: conative e-gredior, e-gressus= go out; cf. gradior, gressus= take steps; cf. gradus= step; e-gress, grade, gradual, graduate, ag-gressive, con-gress, di-gression, retro-grade, trans-gress, de-grade; de-gree (= a step down, step); gradient; in-gredient (= that which goes in). pro-gredior, pro-gressus= go forward: pro-gress, pro-gression, pro-gressive. moror, moratus= delay; cf. mora= delay, Lesson XXXI: moratorium (= delay in payment). orior, ortus= arise, begin, be born: orient (= place where the sun rises, east); origin, originate; ex-ordium (= beginning of an oration, preface); ab-ortive (= born out of [ab] time or prematurely). re-vertor, re-versus= turn back; cf. verto, versus=turn, Lesson XLVII: re-vert, re-version. sequor, secutus= follow: sequence, sequel, suitor, suite, sue. con-sequor, con-secutus= follow with, overtake: con-sequence, con-sequential, in-con-sequential, con-secutive. ob-sequor, ob-secutus= follow another’s will, yield: ob-sequious; obsequies (= that which follows or attends the dead, funeral rites). —24— (Page 25) sub-sequor, subsecutus= follow plose after: sub-sequent. Other compounds of sequor give executive, execute, prosecute, persecute, etc. hortor, hortatus= encourage: hortatory, ex-hort. vereor, veritus= fear: re-vere, re-verence, re-verend. patior, passus= suffer: patient, passive, com-passion. partior, partitus= divide: partition, partitive. —25— (Page 26) INDEX (The numbers refer to lessons) A. absum..........30 accipio...........41 acer..............45 ad.................7 aditus............56 adpropinquo.......30 adventus..........46 adversus..........32 aedificium........55 aequus............57 ager..............13 ago...............23 agricola...........2 agricultura.......27 ala...............27 alacer............54 alius.............16 alter.............16 altus..............8 amicitia..........49 amicus............10 ancilla............6 animal............43 animus............32 annus.............48 ante..............46 antiquus..........22 aqua...............2 aquila............53 arbor.............44 arma .............77 aro...............17 attentus..........31 audio.............23 aurum.............31 auxilium..........14 avis..............43 B. barbarus........39 bellum.............9 bonus..............6 brachium..........32 brevis............45 C. cado.............59 caedes............43 Caesar............40 calamitas.........41 calcar............43 capio.............26 captivus..........40 caput.............41 carrus............15 carus.............28 casa...............7 castellum........37 castrum...........44 causa.............60 celer.............53 celeritas.........34 cesso.............37 civis.............43 civitas...........56 clamor............54 clarus.............8 cliens............43 cognosco..........58 cogo..............58 cohors............57 committo..........47 conimotus.........27 concilium.........59 confirm...........41 conloco...........47 conor.............60 consequor.........60 constantia.........9 consul............30 contendo...........55 contineo..........30 convoco...........46 copia.............13 cornu.............46 corona.............5 corpus............49 cotidie...........37 credo.............24 cremo.............45 cupio.............44 cura..............29 curo...............9 curro.............57 D de...............29 dea..................4 debeo...............49 decido..............52 dedo................59 defendo..............58 deleo...............49 demonstro...........47 dens................44 densus..............49 desidero............17 desilio.............32 deus................27 dexter..............36 dico................23 dies................48 difficilis..........45 difficultas.........57 diligentia..........14 discedo.............30 disciplina..........22 dissimilis..........47 diu.................32 do...................5 doceo...............22 doctrina............22 domicilium..........17 domina...............9 dominus..............9 domus...............47 dubius..............31 duco................23 —26— (Page 27) durus.............77 dux.............39 E. egeo.............30 ego.............21 egredior.............60 eques.............39 equus.............9 eripio.............49 et.............4 exerceo.............45 exercitus.............45 explorator.............58 F. fabula.............5 facilis.............45 facio.............26 fama.............77 faveo.............24 femina.............17 fera.............4 fides.............48 filia.............2 filius.............2 finis.............43 finitimus.............12 fluctus.............48 flumen.............41 fluo.............12 fons.............44 forma.............20 fortis.............45 fortuna.............2 fossa.............57 frater.............40 frumentum.............9 frustra.............36 fuga.............2 G. galea.............11 gallina.............7 gens.............57 gero.............36 gladius.............12 gratus.............6 gravis.............45 graviter.............34 habito.............7 hiems.............48 hodie.............18 homo.............40 honor.............48 hora.............48 hostis.............43 I. iacio.............26 idem.............49 ignis.............43 impedimentum.............40 imperator.............40 imperium.............55 impetus.............45 incendo.............58 incipio.............37 infirmus.............15 iniuria.............2 insigne.............43 insula.............7 inter.............36 ipse.............49 iratus.............18 iter.............44 iubeo.............19 iudex.............39 L. labor.............41 laboro.............19 lacrima.............17 lacus.............45 lapis.............39 latitudo.............58 latus.............8 laudo.............7 legatus.............9 legio.............40 lenis.............54 liber.............13 libertas.............51 littera.............49 locus.............29 longe.............30 longitudo.............58 longus.............8 lorica.............13 ludus.............18 luna.............2 lux.............48 M. magister.............14 magnitudo.............38 magnus.............6 mando.............47 maneo.............52 manus.............45 mare.............43 mater.............42 maturo.............15 maturus.............17 maxime.............22 maximus.............27 medius.............53 mens.............53 mercator.............58 meridies.............48 metus.............49 miles.............39 mirus.............49 miser.............14 mitto.............23 modus.............51 molestus.............21 moneo.............19 mons.............44 monstrum.............27 moror.............60 mors.............55 moveo.............19 multitudo.............54 multus.............12 munio.............58 murus.............9 N. narro.............5 nauta.............2 navigium.............31 —27— (Page 28) navis.................43 neco.................4 negotium.................37 neuter.................16 nihil.................49 nobilis.................54 noceo.................24 noctu.................54 nomen.................51 non.................6 novus.................8 nox.................48 nullus.................16 numerus.................17 nunc.................18 nuntio.................19 nuntius.................49 O. obtineo.................58 occido.................55 occupo.................36 oculus.................51 omnis.................45 opinio.................60 opportunus.................53 oppugno.................37 opus.................41 oraculum.................27 orator.................41 ordo.................40 orior.................60 ornamentum.................22 P. paene.................52 par.................45 pareo.................24 paro.................7 pars.................49 parvus.................6 passus.................59 pater.................40 patria.................10 pauci.................45 pax.................49 pecunia.................5 pedes.................39 per.................29 perfidus.................31 periculum.................29 perpetuus.................21 perterreo.................55 pervenio.................58 pes.................39 peto.................37 pilum.................9 placeo.................49 plenus.................32 poena.................20 pono.................37 pons.................44 populus.................10 porta.................32 porto.................19 post.................45 postulo.................36 potentia.................20 praeda.................11 praemium.................13 praesidium.................12 premo.................59 primus.................48 princeps.................39 pristinus.................51 pro.................32 progredior.................60 prohibeo.................30 provincia.................30 proximus.................22 publicus.................51 pugna.................5 pulcher.................6 Q. quaero.................53 quis.................6 quo.................17 R. rapio.................26 recens.................53 recipio.................56 recuso.................36 regina.................20 regio.................57 regnum.................49 rego.................23 reliquus.................55 reperio.................23 reporto.................34 res.................48 resisto.................24 respondeo.................28 reverto.................60 rex.................39 ripa.................41 rumor.................37 rus.................47 S. sacrum.................21 sagitta.................4 salus.................40 sanguis.................44 satis.................52 scutum.................13 secundus.................45 sedeo.................21 semper.................29 septem.................20 sequor.................60 servitus.................55 servo.................28 servus.................9 signum.................45 silva.................2 similis.................45 sine.................31 sinister.................36 socius.................18 sol.................49 solus.................6 soror.................40 spatium.................58 spes.................48 statuo.................56 sto.................36 studeo.................24 studium.................15 —28— (Page 29) subsequor................60 sum................4 summus................39 sumo................49 superbus................20 supero................29 supplicium................49 suscipio................57 sustineo................49 T. tantus................52 tardus................54 tempto................36 tempus................41 teneo................36 tergum................47 terra................2 terror................41 timeo................46 timor................60 trado................55 traduco................52 traho................57 trans................44 tristitia................20 tuba................8 turris................43 U. ubi................7 unus................15 urbs................43 V. valeo................57 validus................15 valles................55 vallum................59 vasto................27 velox................45 venio................23 ventus................31 verbum................21 vero................52 verto................46 verus................49 vestigium................51 veto................37 vexo................59 via................8 victor................41 victoria................5 vicus................10 video................19 vinco................37 vir................13 virtus................39 vis................44 vita................28 vito................37 voco................7 volo................21 vox................51 vulnero................30 vulnus................47 —29— (Page 30) (Page 31) (Page 32) (Page 33) (Back Cover)